Moustafa Mohamed Abdallah Mohamed, Taylor Kyle, Nakao Ryo, Shimozuru Michito, Sashika Mariko, Rosà Roberto, Thu May June, Rizzoli Annapaola, Tsubota Toshio
Laboratory of Wildlife Biology and Medicine, Department of Environmental Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
Laboratory of Parasitology, Department of Disease Control, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
Ticks Tick Borne Dis. 2016 Jul;7(5):922-928. doi: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2016.04.014. Epub 2016 Apr 26.
Many of the emerging infectious diseases originate in wildlife and many of them are caused by vector-borne pathogens. In Japan, zoonotic tick-borne pathogens (TBPs) are frequently detected in both ticks and wildlife. Here, we studied the infection rates of potentially zoonotic species, including Anaplasma, Ehrlichia, Neoehrlichia and Babesia spp., in Hokkaido's most abundant small mammals as they relate to variable extrinsic factors that might affect the infection rates of these pathogens. A total of 412 small mammals including 64 Apodemus argenteus, 219 Apodemus speciosus, 78 Myodes rufocanus, 41 Myodes rutilus, 6 Myodes rex and 4 Sorex unguiculatus were collected from Furano and Shari sites in Hokkaido, Japan, in 2010 and 2011 and were examined by multiplex PCR for TBPs. A reverse line blot hybridization (RLB) was then developed for the specific detection of 13 potentially zoonotic TBPs. A total of 4 TBPs were detected: Anaplasma sp. AP-sd, Ehrlichia muris, Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis and Babesia microti. The infection rates were 4.4% (18/412), 1.2% (5/412), 13.1% (54/412) and 17.2% (71/412), respectively. The infection rates of each of the detected TBPs were significantly correlated with host small mammal species. A total of 22 (two triple and 20 double) co-infection cases were detected (5.3%). The most frequent co-infection cases occurred between Candidatus N. mikurensis and B. microti 68.2% (15/22). Further studies are required to examine human exposure to these zoonotic TBPs in Hokkaido.
许多新发传染病起源于野生动物，其中许多是由媒介传播的病原体引起的。在日本，蜱传人畜共患病原体（TBPs）在蜱虫和野生动物中均频繁被检测到。在此，我们研究了北海道数量最多的小型哺乳动物中潜在人畜共患病原体种类（包括无形体属、埃立克体属、新埃立克体属和巴贝斯虫属）的感染率，以及这些感染率与可能影响这些病原体感染率的可变外部因素之间的关系。2010年和2011年，从日本北海道富良野和佐吕间地区收集了总共412只小型哺乳动物，包括64只银黑姬鼠、219只大林姬鼠、78只棕背䶄、41只红背䶄、6只 rex姬鼠和4只日本鼩鼱，并通过多重PCR检测TBPs。随后开发了一种反向线印迹杂交（RLB）技术，用于特异性检测13种潜在的人畜共患病原体TBPs。共检测到4种TBPs：无形体属AP-sd、鼠埃立克体、米库新埃立克体（暂定种）和微小巴贝斯虫。感染率分别为4.4%（18/412）、1.2%（5/412）、13.1%（54/412）和17.2%（71/412）。每种检测到的TBPs的感染率与宿主小型哺乳动物种类显著相关。共检测到22例（2例三重感染和20例双重感染）合并感染病例（5.3%）。最常见的合并感染病例发生在米库新埃立克体（暂定种）和微小巴贝斯虫之间，占68.2%（15/22）。需要进一步研究以调查北海道地区人类接触这些人畜共患病原体TBPs的情况。
