Tabbakh Tamara, Freeland-Graves Jean H
Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78701, USA.
Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78701, USA.
Appetite. 2016 Oct 1;105:46-52. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2016.05.002. Epub 2016 May 8.
The objective of this research was to assess adherence to the Healthy Eating Index-2010 of mothers and their adolescents (11-14 years old) and to examine the role of the home environment as a mediator of maternal nutrition knowledge and adolescent diet quality. It is hypothesized that mothers with greater knowledge impact the diet quality of their adolescents by creation of healthier home environments. A sample of 206 mother-adolescent dyads separately completed the Multidimensional Home Environment Scale, a Food Frequency Questionnaire, and a Nutrition Knowledge Scale. Body mass index-for-age percentiles were derived from weight and height measurements obtained by researcher; diet quality was estimated via the Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2010. Percent of maximum score on nutrition knowledge for both mothers and adolescents were poor, with lowest scores on recommendations of healthy eating and physical activity (48% and 19%, respectively). A model of maternal nutrition knowledge (independent variable) and adolescent diet quality (dependent variable) indicated that greater knowledge was associated with higher scores on total fruit (p = 0.02), whole grains (p = 0.05), seafood and plant proteins (p = 0.01), and overall diet quality (p < 0.01), as well as lower scores on empty calories (p = 0.01). Inclusion of the home environment as a mediator yielded significant estimates of the indirect effect (β = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.3-1.0). Within the home environment, psychological (β = 0.46), social (β = 0.23), and environmental (β = 0.65) variables were all significant mediators of nutrition knowledge on diet quality. These results emphasize the importance of maternal nutrition knowledge and the mediating effect of the home environment on the diet quality of adolescents.
本研究的目的是评估母亲及其青少年（11至14岁）对2010年健康饮食指数的依从性，并检验家庭环境作为母亲营养知识和青少年饮食质量中介的作用。研究假设是，知识更丰富的母亲通过营造更健康的家庭环境来影响其青少年的饮食质量。206对母亲与青少年分别完成了多维家庭环境量表、食物频率问卷和营养知识量表。年龄别体重指数百分位数由研究人员测量的体重和身高得出；饮食质量通过2010年健康饮食指数（HEI）进行评估。母亲和青少年营养知识的最高得分百分比均较低，在健康饮食和体育活动建议方面得分最低（分别为48%和19%）。母亲营养知识（自变量）和青少年饮食质量（因变量）的模型表明，知识越丰富与总水果（p = 0.02）、全谷物（p = 0.05）、海鲜和植物蛋白（p = 0.01）以及总体饮食质量（p < 0.01）得分越高相关，同时与空热量得分越低（p = 0.01）相关。将家庭环境作为中介纳入后，对间接效应得出了显著估计值（β = 0.61，95%置信区间：0.3 - 1.0）。在家庭环境中，心理（β = 0.46）、社会（β = 0.23）和环境（β = 0.65）变量均是营养知识对饮食质量的显著中介。这些结果强调了母亲营养知识的重要性以及家庭环境对青少年饮食质量的中介作用。
