Song X C, Xu C, Yue Z G, Wang L, Wang G W, Yang F H
State Key Laboratory of Special Economic Animal Molecular Biology, Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences.
Genet Mol Res. 2016 Apr 7;15(2):gmr5031. doi: 10.4238/gmr.15025031.
Myostatin, encoded by the MSTN gene (previously GDF8), is a member of the transforming growth factor-β superfamily, which normally acts to limit skeletal muscle mass by regulating the number and growth of muscle fibers. In this study, a total of 84 myostatin gene sequences with known complete coding regions (CDS) and corresponding amino acid sequences were analyzed from 17 species, and differentiation within and among species was studied using comparative genomics and bioinformatics. Characteristics of the nucleotide and amino acid sequences were also predicted. The results indicated that a total of 569 polymorphic sites, including 53 singleton variable sites and 516 parsimony informative sites, which could be sorted into 44 haplotypes, were detected from 17 species. Observed genetic diversity was higher among species than within species, and Vulpes lagopus was more polymorphic than other species. There was clear differentiation of the myostatin gene among species and the reconstructed phylogenetic tree was consistent with the NCBI taxonomy. The myostatin gene was 375-aa long in most species, except for Mus musculus (376 aa) and Danio rerio (373 aa). The amino acid sequences of myostatin were deemed hydrophilic, and had theoretical pI values of <7.0, mostly due to the acidic polypeptide. The instability index of the myostatin protein was 40.48-51.63, indicating that the polypeptide is not stable. The G+C content of the CDS nucleotide sequence in different species was 40.60-51.69%. The predicted promoter region of the Ovis aries myostatin gene was 150-220 bp upstream of the start codon.
肌生成抑制素由MSTN基因（以前称为GDF8）编码，是转化生长因子-β超家族的成员，通常通过调节肌纤维的数量和生长来限制骨骼肌质量。在本研究中，从17个物种中分析了总共84个具有已知完整编码区（CDS）和相应氨基酸序列的肌生成抑制素基因序列，并使用比较基因组学和生物信息学研究了种内和种间的差异。还预测了核苷酸和氨基酸序列的特征。结果表明，从17个物种中检测到总共569个多态性位点，包括53个单态变异位点和516个简约信息位点，这些位点可分为44个单倍型。观察到的遗传多样性在种间高于种内，北极狐比其他物种具有更多的多态性。肌生成抑制素基因在种间存在明显差异，重建的系统发育树与NCBI分类法一致。除小家鼠（376个氨基酸）和斑马鱼（373个氨基酸）外，大多数物种的肌生成抑制素基因长度为375个氨基酸。肌生成抑制素的氨基酸序列被认为是亲水性的，理论pI值<7.0，主要是由于酸性多肽。肌生成抑制素蛋白的不稳定指数为40.48 - 51.63，表明该多肽不稳定。不同物种CDS核苷酸序列的G + C含量为40.60 - 51.69%。绵羊肌生成抑制素基因的预测启动子区域位于起始密码子上游150 - 220 bp处。
