Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, China.
College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2016 Aug;23(16):16641-52. doi: 10.1007/s11356-016-6643-z. Epub 2016 May 16.
The removal efficiency of organic matter, the formation potential of trihalomethanes (THMFP), and the formation potential of haloacetic acids (HAAFP) in each unit of three advanced treatment processes were investigated in this paper. The molecular weight distribution and the components of organic matter in water samples were also determined to study the transformation of organic matter during these advanced treatments. Low-molecular-weight matter was the predominant fraction in raw water, and it could not be removed effectively by ultrafiltration and biofiltration. The dominant species of disinfection by-product formation potential (DBPFP) in raw water were chloroform and monochloroacetic acid (MCAA), with average concentrations of 107.3 and 125.9 μg/L, respectively. However, the formation potential of chloroform and MCAA decreased to 36.2 and 11.5 μg/L after ultrafiltration. Similarly, biological pretreatment obtained high removal efficiency for DBPFP. The total THMFP decreased from 173.8 to 81.8 μg/L, and the total HAAFP decreased from 211.9 to 84.2 μg/L. Separate ozonation had an adverse effect on DBPFP, especially for chlorinated HAAFP. Numerous low-molecular-weight compounds such as aldehydes, ketones, and alcohols were generated during the ozonation, which have been proven to be important precursors of HAAs. However, the ozonation/biological activated carbon (BAC) combined process had a better removal efficiency for DBPFP. The total DBPFP decreased remarkably from 338.7 to 113.3 μg/L after the O3/BAC process, far below the separated BAC of process B (189.1 μg/L).
本文研究了三种高级处理工艺中每个单元对有机物的去除效率、三卤甲烷形成潜力（THMFP）和卤乙酸形成潜力（HAAFP）的形成潜力。还测定了水样中有机物的分子量分布和组成，以研究有机物在这些高级处理过程中的转化。原水中的主要物质是低分子量物质，超滤和生物过滤不能有效去除。原水中消毒副产物形成潜力（DBPFP）的主要物种是三氯甲烷和一氯乙酸（MCAA），其平均浓度分别为 107.3 和 125.9μg/L。然而，超滤后三氯甲烷和 MCAA 的形成潜力分别降低到 36.2 和 11.5μg/L。同样，生物预处理对 DBPFP 也具有很高的去除效率。总 THMFP 从 173.8 降低到 81.8μg/L，总 HAAFP 从 211.9 降低到 84.2μg/L。单独的臭氧氧化对 DBPFP 有不利影响，特别是对氯化 HAAFP。臭氧氧化过程中产生了许多低分子量化合物，如醛、酮和醇，这些化合物已被证明是 HAAs 的重要前体。然而，臭氧/生物活性炭（BAC）联合工艺对 DBPFP 的去除效率更高。O3/BAC 工艺后，总 DBPFP 从 338.7 显著降低至 113.3μg/L，远低于工艺 B 的单独 BAC（189.1μg/L）。
