Carstens Pieter, Stevens Philip
Department of Public Law, University of Pretoria, South Africa.
Int J Law Psychiatry. 2016 Jul-Aug;47:93-101. doi: 10.1016/j.ijlp.2016.02.043. Epub 2016 May 12.
Historically, the link between sexual deviance and criminality has been described and documented, asserted by psychiatry, and manifested in law. Laws that have regulated sexual behaviour have referred to terms such as 'sexual deviation', 'sexual perversion' or even archaic moral terms such as 'unnatural acts and unspeakable crimes against nature'. A possible link between sexual perversion, psychopathy, and criminality, specifically manifesting in sexual homicide, has been the subject of remarkable research in forensic psychiatry. This contribution examines the phenomenon of paraphilia with specific reference to its definition, diagnostic classification and characteristics, as well as a few selections of incidences of paraphilia in South African criminal case law. A brief assessment is made of how South African criminal courts have dealt with paraphilia. In this regard, an analysis is made of the criminal liability of the paraphiliac. The South African response to sexual deviation as addressed in the Criminal Law (Sexual Offences and Related Matters) Amendment Act 32 of 2007 will also be addressed with reference to its efficacy in addressing paraphilia within South African criminal law. The interface between criminal law and medical ethics within the context of this theme will also be canvassed. In conclusion, recommendations for possible reform are canvassed.
从历史上看，性变态与犯罪之间的联系已被描述和记录，由精神病学断言，并在法律中有所体现。规范性行为的法律提到了诸如“性偏差”“性变态”等术语，甚至还有诸如“违背自然的行为和不可言说的反自然罪行”等古老的道德术语。性变态、精神变态与犯罪之间的可能联系，特别是在性杀人案件中的表现，一直是法医精神病学领域重要的研究课题。本文稿将探讨恋物癖现象，特别涉及其定义、诊断分类和特征，以及南非刑法案例法中恋物癖事件的一些案例。本文还将对南非刑事法庭如何处理恋物癖进行简要评估。在这方面，将对恋物癖者的刑事责任进行分析。还将探讨2007年第32号《刑法（性犯罪及相关事项）修正案》中南非对性偏差的应对措施，以及该措施在南非刑法中处理恋物癖方面的效力。本文还将探讨这一主题背景下刑法与医学伦理的交叉点。最后，提出可能的改革建议。
