Xing X Y, Xu W, Chen Y J, Liu Z R, Jia S C, Xie J R, Wu Q S
Department of Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Anhui Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hefei 230601, China.
Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi. 2016 May;37(5):702-7. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2016.05.024.
To understand the incidence pattern of fall among older adults in Anhui province during 2006-2014, and provide scientific basis for intervention strategies and decision-making.
The incidence data of fall in elderly adults from 6 sentinel hospitals in 2 national injury surveillance areas in Anhui province between 2006 and 2014 were collected for this descriptive epidemiological analysis of the overall incidence trend, demographic characteristics, case distribution and clinical characteristics of fall cases in the elderly.
The fall case number, the proportions of fall cases to injury cases and to overall fall cases in the elderly all increased from 2006 to 2014. The fall was the first cause of the elderly injury during the past 9 years. The sex ratio was 0.74 and the cases in males decreased with age. In both males and females, the cases in retirees and the jobless accounted for the highest proportions. The annual incidence peak was during August to October, and two daily incidence peaks were during 9 am-11 am and 16 pm-18 pm. The elderly falls mainly occurred at home(62.07%), and more females were affected than males(70.27% vs. 50.97%). Leisure activity and homework related falls accounted for 49.18% and 28.67% respectively, and more housework related falls occurred in females than in males. Contusion/abrasion was the first injury caused by fall in males(42.63%)and fracture was the first injury caused by fall in females(47.27%). Head was the first injury site in males(38.04%)and leg was the first injury site in females(29.29%). Most injuries caused by fall were mild(55.12%)and moderate(41.84%)in severity, but the proportions of moderate and severe cases increased gradually with age.
Fall in the elderly has become a public health problem. It is necessary to take targeted prevention and control measures according to the gender and age distributions of the fall in the elderly.
了解2006 - 2014年安徽省老年人跌倒的发病模式，为干预策略和决策提供科学依据。
收集安徽省2个国家伤害监测地区6家哨点医院2006年至2014年老年人跌倒的发病数据，对老年人跌倒的总体发病趋势、人口学特征、病例分布及临床特征进行描述性流行病学分析。
2006年至2014年，老年人跌倒病例数、跌倒病例占伤害病例的比例以及占老年人全部跌倒病例的比例均呈上升趋势。在过去9年中，跌倒是老年人伤害的首要原因。男女比例为0.74，男性病例数随年龄增长而减少。在男性和女性中，退休人员和无业人员的病例占比最高。年发病高峰在8月至10月，日发病高峰在上午9点至11点和下午16点至18点。老年人跌倒主要发生在家中（62.07%），女性受影响多于男性（70.27%对50.97%）。休闲活动和家务相关跌倒分别占49.18%和28.67%，家务相关跌倒女性多于男性。男性跌倒导致的首要损伤是挫伤/擦伤（42.63%），女性是骨折（47.27%）。男性跌倒的首要损伤部位是头部（38.04%），女性是腿部（29.29%）。跌倒造成的损伤多数为轻度（55.12%）和中度（41.84%），但中重度病例比例随年龄逐渐增加。
老年人跌倒已成为一个公共卫生问题。有必要根据老年人跌倒的性别和年龄分布采取针对性的预防控制措施。
