Lu Z M, Wang Y, Ye P P, Er Y L, Duan L L
National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China.
Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi. 2021 Jan 10;42(1):137-141. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20200424-00646.
To understand the epidemiologic characteristics of fall in people aged 60 years and above in China from 2015 to 2018, and provide basis for the prevention of fall in old people and the development of related policies. Descriptive analysis was conducted on general information, injury occurrence information and injury clinical characteristics of fall cases in people aged 60 years and above by using the data from Chinese National Injury Surveillance System(NISS). A total of 205 670 fall cases were reported to NISS from 2015 to 2018 with the male to female ratio of 1.37. Falls mainly occurred during 10:00-10:59 am (11.91%). The top three places where fall might occur were home (56.41%), road (17.24%) and public residence (14.36%). Leisure activity(37.56%), housework (24.20%) and walk (15.07%) were top three activities in which fall occurred. Bruise/scrape (42.17%), fracture (31.79%) and sprain/strain (14.62%) were the major injuries. The most common body parts involved were low limbs (31.38%), head (22.46%) and truncus(20.71%). Moderate and severe injuries accounted for 37.21% of all cases, and 22.49% of the elderly seeking medical care due to fall required hospitalization. The number of fall in people aged 60 years and above increased from 2015 to 2018. The elderly is a key population in the prevention and control of fall.
了解2015年至2018年中国60岁及以上人群跌倒的流行病学特征，为老年人跌倒预防及相关政策制定提供依据。利用中国国家伤害监测系统（NISS）的数据，对60岁及以上跌倒病例的一般信息、伤害发生信息及伤害临床特征进行描述性分析。2015年至2018年NISS共报告205670例跌倒病例，男女比例为1.37。跌倒主要发生在上午10:00 - 10:59（11.91%）。跌倒可能发生的前三位场所是家中（56.41%）、道路（17.24%）和公共住所（14.36%）。休闲活动（37.56%）、家务劳动（24.20%）和行走（15.07%）是跌倒发生的前三位活动。擦伤/刮伤（42.17%）、骨折（31.79%）和扭伤/拉伤（14.62%）是主要伤害。最常累及的身体部位是下肢（31.38%）、头部（22.46%）和躯干（20.71%）。中重度伤害占所有病例的37.21%，因跌倒就医的老年人中有22.49%需要住院治疗。2015年至2018年60岁及以上人群跌倒人数呈上升趋势。老年人是跌倒防控的重点人群。
