Ford Mandy L
Emory Transplant Center and Department of Surgery, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Immunity. 2016 May 17;44(5):1020-33. doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2016.04.012.
The ultimate outcome of alloreactivity versus tolerance following transplantation is potently influenced by the constellation of cosignaling molecules expressed by immune cells during priming with alloantigen, and the net sum of costimulatory and coinhibitory signals transmitted via ligation of these molecules. Intense investigation over the last two decades has yielded a detailed understanding of the kinetics, cellular distribution, and intracellular signaling networks of cosignaling molecules such as the CD28, TNF, and TIM families of receptors in alloimmunity. More recent work has better defined the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which engagement of cosignaling networks serve to either dampen or augment alloimmunity. These findings will likely aid in the rational development of novel immunomodulatory strategies to prolong graft survival and improve outcomes following transplantation.
移植后同种异体反应性与耐受性的最终结果，受到免疫细胞在同种异体抗原致敏过程中表达的共信号分子组合，以及通过这些分子的连接所传递的共刺激和共抑制信号的净总和的显著影响。在过去二十年中进行的深入研究，已对共信号分子（如CD28、TNF和TIM受体家族）在同种异体免疫中的动力学、细胞分布和细胞内信号网络有了详细了解。最近的研究进一步明确了共信号网络参与抑制或增强同种异体免疫的细胞和分子机制。这些发现可能有助于合理开发新的免疫调节策略，以延长移植物存活时间并改善移植后的结局。
