Spieldenner Jörg
Nestlé Research Center, Lausanne, Switzerland.
World Rev Nutr Diet. 2016;115:211-23. doi: 10.1159/000442107. Epub 2016 May 19.
Iron deficiency, one of the most widespread nutritional disorders, affects millions of people in emerging economies and, increasingly, in industrialized countries. Due to the high iron requirements during growth and development, infants and young children are among those most severely affected by iron deficiency. Iron deficiency that occurs during the critical phases of early life development has long-lasting health consequences that are reflected in increased risk of disease, reduced economic productivity and premature death, underscoring the importance of infants and young children as a key target group for addressing iron deficiency. This chapter focuses on the use of fortified foods as a cost-effective mechanism to address iron deficiency in this particularly vulnerable subpopulation. Nutritional policies that include food fortification need to be implemented within the context of effective public-private partnerships in order to address the fundamental mechanisms of accessibility, affordability and availability of nutritious food items for those in the lowest socio-economic strata.
缺铁是最普遍的营养失调问题之一，影响着新兴经济体以及越来越多工业化国家的数百万人。由于生长发育期间对铁的需求量很大，婴幼儿是受缺铁影响最严重的人群之一。在生命早期发育的关键阶段出现的缺铁会产生长期的健康后果，表现为疾病风险增加、经济生产力下降和过早死亡，这凸显了婴幼儿作为解决缺铁问题的关键目标群体的重要性。本章重点探讨使用强化食品作为一种经济有效的机制，以解决这一特别脆弱亚群体的缺铁问题。包括食品强化在内的营养政策需要在有效的公私伙伴关系背景下实施，以便解决社会经济地位最低阶层人群获取、负担得起和可获得营养食品的基本机制问题。
