Nawaz Hamid, Yasmeen Azra, Anjum Muhammad A, Hussain Nazim
Department of Agronomy, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, Pakistan.
Department of Horticulture, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, Pakistan.
Front Plant Sci. 2016 May 4;7:597. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00597. eCollection 2016.
The present study was conducted to investigate the response of two wheat cultivars (AARI-11 and Millat-11) to a foliar application of four growth enhancers which include: {H2O (water), MLE30 (moringa leaf extract), KCl (potassium chloride), and BAP (benzyl-amino purine)}, within the six irrigation water-regimes which are applied at the various critical growth stages such as crown root initiation (CRI), tillering (T), booting (B), and heading (H). Irrigation water-regimes include: CRI+T+B, CRI+T, CRI+B, T+B, T+H, and control (CRI+T+B+H). The growth enhancers i.e., H2O, MLE30 (1:30), KCl (2%), and BAP (50 mg L(-1)) were applied @ 500 L ha(-1) at tillering and heading stages. The results demonstrated some increased quantities of both enzymatic (superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase) and non-enzymatic (ascorbic acid, phenol) antioxidants in leaves of AARI-11 when MLE30 was applied under T+B and T+H irrigation water-regimes. Similar results were also observed in the case of leaf chlorophyll "a" and "b" and K(+) contents in both cultivars under control, T+B and CRI+T+B irrigation water regimes. AARI-11 produced the highest biological and grain yield, due to the application of MLE30 and BAP under control, CRI+T+B, T+B, and T+H irrigation water-regimes. However, KCl lagged behind among the treatments set for both cultivars under all the irrigation water-regimes. Foliar spray of MLE30 remained prominent growth enhancer and stresses mitigating agent under water deficit conditions particularly under T+B and T+H irrigation water-regimes. Moreover, economic analysis indicated that the foliar application of MLE30 is a cost effective and environment friendly strategy for the maximum yield and income.
本研究旨在调查两个小麦品种（AARI - 11和Millat - 11）对四种生长促进剂叶面喷施的反应，这四种生长促进剂包括：{水（H₂O）、辣木叶提取物（MLE30）、氯化钾（KCl）和苄氨基嘌呤（BAP）}，在六个灌溉水制度下进行，这些制度应用于不同的关键生长阶段，如冠根起始（CRI）、分蘖（T）、孕穗（B）和抽穗（H）。灌溉水制度包括：CRI + T + B、CRI + T、CRI + B、T + B、T + H和对照（CRI + T + B + H）。生长促进剂，即H₂O、MLE30（1:30）、KCl（2%）和BAP（50 mg L⁻¹）在分蘖期和抽穗期以500 L ha⁻¹的用量进行喷施。结果表明，当在T + B和T + H灌溉水制度下施用MLE30时，AARI - 11叶片中的一些酶促抗氧化剂（超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶）和非酶促抗氧化剂（抗坏血酸、酚类）的含量有所增加。在对照、T + B和CRI + T + B灌溉水制度下，两个品种的叶片叶绿素“a”和“b”以及K⁺含量也观察到了类似结果。由于在对照、CRI + T + B、T + B和T + H灌溉水制度下施用了MLE30和BAP，AARI - 11的生物产量和籽粒产量最高。然而，在所有灌溉水制度下，两个品种的所有处理中，KCl的效果都落后。在水分亏缺条件下，特别是在T + B和T + H灌溉水制度下，叶面喷施MLE30仍然是显著的生长促进剂和胁迫缓解剂。此外，经济分析表明，叶面喷施MLE30是实现最大产量和收入的具有成本效益且环境友好的策略。
