Vogt B, Mendes L, Chouvarda I, Perantoni E, Kaimakamis E, Becher T, Weiler N, Tsara V, Paiva R P, Maglaveras N, Frerichs I
Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Centre Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
Physiol Meas. 2016 Jun;37(6):904-21. doi: 10.1088/0967-3334/37/6/904. Epub 2016 May 20.
Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is increasingly used in patients suffering from respiratory disorders during pulmonary function testing (PFT). The EIT chest examinations often take place simultaneously to conventional PFT during which the patients involuntarily move in order to facilitate their breathing. Since the influence of torso and arm movements on EIT chest examinations is unknown, we studied this effect in 13 healthy subjects (37 ± 4 years, mean age ± SD) and 15 patients with obstructive lung diseases (72 ± 8 years) during stable tidal breathing. We carried out the examinations in an upright sitting position with both arms adducted, in a leaning forward position and in an upright sitting position with consecutive right and left arm elevations. We analysed the differences in EIT-derived regional end-expiratory impedance values, tidal impedance variations and their spatial distributions during all successive study phases. Both the torso and the arm movements had a highly significant influence on the end-expiratory impedance values in the healthy subjects (p = 0.0054 and p < 0.0001, respectively) and the patients (p < 0.0001 in both cases). The global tidal impedance variation was affected by the torso, but not the arm movements in both study groups (p = 0.0447 and p = 0.0418, respectively). The spatial heterogeneity of the tidal ventilation distribution was slightly influenced by the alteration of the torso position only in the patients (p = 0.0391). The arm movements did not impact the ventilation distribution in either study group. In summary, the forward torso movement and the arms' abduction exert significant effects on the EIT waveforms during tidal breathing. We recommend strict adherence to the upright sitting position during PFT when EIT is used.
电阻抗断层成像（EIT）在肺功能测试（PFT）期间越来越多地用于患有呼吸系统疾病的患者。EIT胸部检查通常与传统的PFT同时进行，在此期间患者会不自觉地移动以利于呼吸。由于躯干和手臂运动对EIT胸部检查的影响尚不清楚，我们在13名健康受试者（37±4岁，平均年龄±标准差）和15名患有阻塞性肺疾病的患者（72±8岁）处于稳定潮气呼吸时研究了这种影响。我们让受试者在双臂内收的直立坐姿、前倾姿势以及双臂依次进行左右抬高的直立坐姿下进行检查。我们分析了在所有连续研究阶段中EIT得出的区域呼气末阻抗值、潮气阻抗变化及其空间分布的差异。躯干和手臂运动对健康受试者（分别为p = 0.0054和p < 0.0001）和患者（两种情况下p均< 0.0001）的呼气末阻抗值均有高度显著影响。在两个研究组中，整体潮气阻抗变化受躯干影响，但不受手臂运动影响（分别为p = 0.0447和p = 0.0418）。仅在患者中，潮气通气分布的空间异质性受躯干位置改变的轻微影响（p = 0.0391）。手臂运动在两个研究组中均未影响通气分布。总之，在潮气呼吸期间，躯干向前运动和手臂外展对EIT波形有显著影响。我们建议在使用EIT进行PFT时严格保持直立坐姿。
