Fuller David D, Mitchell Gordon S
Department of Physical Therapy, McKnight Brain Institute and Center for Respiratory Research and Rehabilitation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, United States.
Exp Neurol. 2017 Jan;287(Pt 2):144-152. doi: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2016.05.022. Epub 2016 May 18.
Neuroplasticity is an important property of the neural system controlling breathing. However, our appreciation for its importance is still relatively new, and we have much to learn concerning different forms of plasticity, their underlying mechanisms, and their biological and clinical significance. In this brief review, we discuss several well-studied models of respiratory plasticity, including plasticity initiated by inactivity in the respiratory system, intermittent and sustained hypoxia, and traumatic injury to the spinal cord. Other aspects of respiratory plasticity are considered in other contributions to this special edition of Experimental Neurology on respiratory plasticity. Finally, we conclude with discussions concerning the biological and clinical significance of respiratory motor plasticity, and areas in need of future research effort.
神经可塑性是神经系统控制呼吸的一项重要特性。然而，我们对其重要性的认识仍相对较新，在不同形式的可塑性、其潜在机制以及它们的生物学和临床意义方面，我们还有很多需要学习的地方。在这篇简短的综述中，我们讨论了几种经过充分研究的呼吸可塑性模型，包括由呼吸系统不活动引发的可塑性、间歇性和持续性缺氧以及脊髓创伤性损伤。呼吸可塑性的其他方面在《实验神经病学》关于呼吸可塑性的这一特刊的其他文章中有所探讨。最后，我们讨论了呼吸运动可塑性的生物学和临床意义以及未来需要研究的领域，并以此作为总结。
