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西班牙经济危机是否影响了病假缺勤的时长?

Has the Spanish economic crisis affected the duration of sickness absence episodes?

作者信息

Murcia López Guillermo, Delclós Clanchet Jordi, Ubalde López Mònica, Calvo Bonacho Eva, Benavides Fernando G

机构信息

CISAL-Center for Research in Occupational Health, Universitat Pompeu-Fabra, Doctor Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.

CISAL-Center for Research in Occupational Health, Universitat Pompeu-Fabra, Doctor Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; CIBERESP, CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health, Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11. Planta 0, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, The University of Texas School of Public Health, P.O. Box 20186, Houston, TX 77225-0186, USA.

出版信息

Soc Sci Med. 2016 Jul;160:29-34. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2016.05.009. Epub 2016 May 7.

Abstract

The global economic crisis has had particularly intense effects on the Spanish labor market. We investigated whether the duration of non-work related sickness absence (SA) episodes in salaried workers had experienced any changes before and after the crisis started. This was a repeated cross-sectional analysis conducted in a dynamic cohort in 2006 and 2010. Database was provided by eight mutual insurance companies, covering 983,108 workers and 451,801 SA episodes. Descriptive analysis and crude, bivariate and multivariate analyses using Cox proportional hazards modeling were performed, to quantify the changes in duration of SA episodes between 2006 and 2010, stratified by sex. There was a higher number of episodes in 2010 for both sexes, but especially for women. Unadjusted median duration in men was similar for both years, while for women it was shorter in 2010. Final multivariate models show a greater risk of longer episode duration for men in 2010 (HR 0.95; 95% CI, 0.95-0.95), but a shorter one for women (HR 1.07; 95% CI, 1.07-1.07). Once the economic crisis started affecting the Spanish labor market, the number of SA episodes in women equalized with those in men. There was a decrease of episodes in the youngest age groups, in the construction and in temporary contracts. The relative ranking of leading diagnoses was similar in both years with an increase in infectious, nervous system and respiratory diseases and in mental disorder episodes for both sexes, but especially for women. The risk of longer episode duration was greater in 2010 among men, but smaller in women.

摘要

全球经济危机对西班牙劳动力市场产生了尤为强烈的影响。我们调查了受薪工人中非工作相关病假(SA)缺勤时长在危机开始前后是否发生了任何变化。这是一项针对2006年和2010年动态队列进行的重复横断面分析。数据库由八家互助保险公司提供,涵盖983,108名工人和451,801次SA缺勤事件。进行了描述性分析以及使用Cox比例风险模型的粗分析、双变量分析和多变量分析,以量化2006年至2010年期间按性别分层的SA缺勤时长变化。2010年两性的缺勤事件数量均有所增加,尤其是女性。男性未调整的中位数时长在这两年相似,而女性在2010年较短。最终的多变量模型显示,2010年男性缺勤时长较长的风险更大(风险比[HR]为0.95;95%置信区间[CI]为0.95 - 0.95),但女性的风险较小(HR为1.07;95% CI为1.07 - 1.07)。一旦经济危机开始影响西班牙劳动力市场,女性的SA缺勤事件数量与男性持平。最年轻年龄组、建筑业和临时合同工的缺勤事件有所减少。两年中主要诊断的相对排名相似,两性的传染病、神经系统疾病、呼吸系统疾病以及精神障碍事件均有所增加,尤其是女性。2010年男性缺勤时长较长的风险更大,但女性的风险较小。

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