Zaso Michelle J, Park Aesoon, Kim Jueun, Gellis Les A, Kwon Hoin, Maisto Stephen A
Department of Psychology, Syracuse University.
Department of Counseling Psychology, Jeonju University.
Psychol Addict Behav. 2016 May;30(3):367-76. doi: 10.1037/adb0000166.
Although the many positive and negative psychosocial consequences of alcohol use are well documented, evidence of the association between prior drinking consequences and subsequent alcohol-related outcomes is mixed. Social learning theory highlights that cognitive appraisals of prior drinking consequences play a crucial intermediate role in the relation of prior drinking consequences with subsequent alcohol-related outcomes. This prospective study was designed to test the mediating effects of subjective evaluations (i.e., perceived valence and controllability) in the association of prior drinking consequences with change in binge drinking and drinking consequences over time. Participants were 171 college students (69% female, 74% White, M age = 18.95 years, SD = 1.35) who completed 2 online surveys, with an average interval of 68 days (SD = 10.22) between assessments. Path analyses of the data did not support mediational effects of perceived valence or controllability of prior drinking consequences on subsequent alcohol-related outcomes. Specifically, greater frequency of negative consequences was associated with lower perceived valence and controllability, and greater frequency of positive consequences was associated with lower perceived controllability of the experienced consequences. However, perceptions of valence and controllability were not in turn associated with subsequent binge drinking and drinking consequences. Instead, greater frequency of positive consequences was directly associated with greater subsequent frequency of binge drinking. Findings highlight the importance of prior positive consequences in the escalation of binge drinking over a short period of time, although this relation may not be accounted for by perceptions of valence and controllability of the prior drinking consequences. (PsycINFO Database Record
尽管饮酒对心理社会产生的诸多积极和消极后果已有充分记载，但先前饮酒后果与后续酒精相关结果之间关联的证据却参差不齐。社会学习理论强调，对先前饮酒后果的认知评估在先前饮酒后果与后续酒精相关结果的关系中起着关键的中介作用。这项前瞻性研究旨在检验主观评价（即感知效价和可控性）在先前饮酒后果与随时间推移的暴饮和饮酒后果变化之间关联中的中介作用。参与者为171名大学生（69%为女性，74%为白人，平均年龄=18.95岁，标准差=1.35），他们完成了两项在线调查，两次评估之间的平均间隔为68天（标准差=10.22）。对数据的路径分析不支持先前饮酒后果的感知效价或可控性对后续酒精相关结果的中介作用。具体而言，负面后果出现的频率越高，感知效价和可控性越低；正面后果出现的频率越高，对所经历后果的感知可控性越低。然而，效价和可控性的认知反过来与后续的暴饮和饮酒后果并无关联。相反，正面后果出现的频率越高，后续暴饮的频率就越高。研究结果凸显了先前积极后果在短期内暴饮升级中的重要性，尽管这种关系可能无法用对先前饮酒后果的效价和可控性认知来解释。（PsycINFO数据库记录
