Battaglia P, Turri-Zanoni M, De Bernardi F, Dehgani Mobaraki P, Karligkiotis A, Leone F, Castelnuovo P
Division of Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences (DBSV), University of Insubria, Varese, Italy;
Head and Neck Surgery & Forensic Dissection Research center (HNS&FDRc), DBSV, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy;
Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital. 2016 Jun;36(3):194-8. doi: 10.14639/0392-100X-748.
Over the past decade surgery for sinonasal malignancies encroaching into the anterior skull base (ASB) has evolved from open craniofacial resection to the use of minimally invasive transnasal endoscopic approaches. Using these techniques, ASB reconstruction is most often performed in a multilayer fashion with autologous free grafts (fascia lata or iliotibial tract) which leads to the production of abundant nasal crusting in the postoperative months and discomfort for patients. In carefully selected cases, we propose harvesting a flap from the contralateral nasal septum based on the septal branches of the anterior and posterior ethmoidal arteries (Septal Flip Flap, SFF), which can be rotated to resurface the ASB defect. The exclusion criteria for using the SFF were as follows: cases where the tumour extended to both ethmoid complexes; cases where there was nasal septum or planum spheno-ethmoidalis involvement by the disease; cases of sinonasal malignant tumour with multifocal histology. In our tertiary care referral centre, skull base reconstruction using the SFF was performed in four patients; one was affected by ethmoidal teratocarcinosarcoma, one by persistence of sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma after radio-chemotherapy, another by olfactory cleft esthesioneuroblastoma and the fourth by ethmoidal squamous cell carcinoma. Successful skull base reconstruction was obtained in all four cases without any intra- or post-operative complications. Post-operatively, nasal crusting was significantly reduced with faster healing of the surgical cavity. No recurrences of disease have been observed after a mean follow-up of 15 months. The SFF can be considered as a safe and effective technique for ASB reconstruction with high success rates similar to those obtained with other pedicled flaps. This flap also ensured a faster healing process with reduction of nasal crusting and improvement in the quality of life of patients in the postoperative period. This technique appears to be a safe and effective option for ASB reconstruction after endonasal resection of sinonasal malignancies in selected cases. Larger case series with a longer follow-up are needed to validate the preliminary results obtained with such an innovative and promising surgical technique.
在过去十年中,针对侵犯前颅底(ASB)的鼻窦恶性肿瘤的手术已从开放性颅面切除术发展为使用微创经鼻内镜手术入路。运用这些技术,ASB重建大多采用多层自体游离移植物(阔筋膜或髂胫束)进行,这会在术后数月导致大量鼻痂形成,给患者带来不适。在经过精心挑选的病例中,我们建议基于筛前动脉和筛后动脉的鼻中隔分支切取对侧鼻中隔瓣(鼻中隔翻转瓣,SFF),该瓣膜可旋转以修复ASB缺损。使用SFF的排除标准如下:肿瘤累及双侧筛窦复合体的病例;疾病累及鼻中隔或蝶筛平面的病例;具有多灶性组织学特征的鼻窦恶性肿瘤病例。在我们的三级医疗转诊中心,4例患者采用SFF进行了颅底重建;1例为筛窦畸胎癌肉瘤,1例为放化疗后鼻窦未分化癌残留,另1例为嗅裂嗅神经母细胞瘤,第4例为筛窦鳞状细胞癌。所有4例均成功完成颅底重建,未出现任何术中或术后并发症。术后,鼻痂明显减少,术腔愈合加快。平均随访15个月后未观察到疾病复发。SFF可被视为一种安全有效的ASB重建技术,成功率与其他带蒂皮瓣相似。该瓣膜还确保了愈合过程加快,减少了鼻痂形成,提高了患者术后的生活质量。对于经鼻切除鼻窦恶性肿瘤后的ASB重建,在特定病例中,这项技术似乎是一种安全有效的选择。需要更大规模的病例系列和更长时间的随访来验证这种创新且有前景的手术技术所取得的初步结果。