Wagman Jeffrey B, Bai Jiuyang, Smith Peter J K
Department of Psychology, Illinois State University, Campus Box 4620, Normal, IL, 61790-4620, USA.
School of Kinesiology and Recreation, Illinois State University, Normal, IL, USA.
Atten Percept Psychophys. 2016 Aug;78(6):1771-80. doi: 10.3758/s13414-016-1141-4.
Perception of affordances for a given behavior typically reflects the task-specific action capabilities of the perceiver. However, many experiments have shown a discrepancy between the perceptual and behavioral boundaries for a given behavior. One possibility for such a discrepancy is that the context of many experimental tasks transformed what is typically a dynamic perception-action task into an analytical or reflective judgment. We investigated this hypothesis with respect to perception of maximum stepping and leaping distance. For both behaviors, perception of these affordances more closely reflected action capabilities when the perceptual task was nested within a superordinate task than when it was not (regardless of whether the behavior itself was performed). Additionally, verbal reports of perception of maximum leaping distance more closely reflected action capabilities when there was an explicit time limit on such reports. The results are discussed in the context of the ecological principle of nesting and in attentional focus during motor control tasks.
对特定行为的可供性的感知通常反映了感知者特定任务的行动能力。然而，许多实验表明，给定行为的感知边界和行为边界之间存在差异。这种差异的一种可能性是，许多实验任务的背景将通常的动态感知-行动任务转变为了分析性或反思性判断。我们针对最大步幅和跳跃距离的感知对这一假设进行了研究。对于这两种行为，当感知任务嵌套在一个上级任务中时，与不嵌套时相比，对这些可供性的感知更紧密地反映了行动能力（无论行为本身是否被执行）。此外，当对最大跳跃距离的感知的言语报告有明确的时间限制时，这些报告更紧密地反映了行动能力。我们将在嵌套的生态原则以及运动控制任务中的注意力焦点的背景下讨论这些结果。
