Day Brian M, Wagman Jeffrey B, Smith Peter J K
Department of Psychology, Clemson University, Clemson, IL, USA.
Department of Psychology, Illinois State University, Normal, IL, USA.
Acta Psychol (Amst). 2015 Jun;158:26-35. doi: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2015.03.010. Epub 2015 Apr 18.
Successfully performing everyday behaviors requires perceiving affordances-possibilities for behavior that depend on the fit between environmental properties and action capabilities. Whereas affordances for some behaviors are primarily constrained by relatively static geometric properties of the perceiver (non-launching behaviors such as stepping), others are additionally constrained by dynamic force production capabilities of the perceiver (launching behaviors such as leaping). This experiment used a transfer of calibration paradigm to investigate whether visual perception of launching and non-launching behaviors represent independent perception-action tasks. In particular, we investigated whether calibration of visual perception of maximum leaping distance transferred to visual perception of maximum stepping distance, and/or vice versa. The results showed that calibration of perception of maximum leaping distance transferred to perception of maximum stepping distance, suggesting that perception of launching and non-launching are not independent. Rather, perception of stepping affordances may be a special case of perception of leaping affordances.
成功地执行日常行为需要感知可供性——行为的可能性，这取决于环境属性与行动能力之间的匹配。对于某些行为，可供性主要受感知者相对静态的几何属性限制（如迈步等非投掷行为），而其他行为还受感知者动态力产生能力限制（如跳跃等投掷行为）。本实验采用校准转移范式来研究对投掷和非投掷行为的视觉感知是否代表独立的感知 - 行动任务。具体而言，我们研究了最大跳跃距离的视觉感知校准是否转移到最大迈步距离的视觉感知，和/或反之亦然。结果表明，最大跳跃距离的感知校准转移到了最大迈步距离的感知，这表明对投掷和非投掷行为的感知并非独立。相反，对迈步可供性的感知可能是对跳跃可供性感知的一种特殊情况。
