Duncker G, Hansmann M L, Papst N, Schumacher C
Fortschr Ophthalmol. 1989;86(1):44-6.
The semisynthetic third generation cephalosporin cefmenoxime was injected through the pars plana into the mid-vitreous in seven rabbit eyes. The drug dosage varied between 0.5 and 15 mg. Seven control eyes were injected only with 0.9% NaCl-solution. Electroretinography was performed before injection and 1 week post injection. The rabbits were anesthetized by intramuscular application of ketanine (Ketanest). Immediately after the second ERG the eyes were enucleated and prepared for both light and electron microscopy. Light microscopy showed only slight retinotoxic effects. Electron microscopy revealed beginning toxic necrosis of the outer segments of the photoreceptors following drug doses equal to or greater than 2 mg. Significant changes in the ERG were not noted in any of the treated eyes. The toxicity of cefmenoxime and other cephalosporins reported in the literature is discussed together with the clinical relevance of the findings.
将半合成第三代头孢菌素头孢甲肟通过平坦部注射到七只兔眼的玻璃体中部。药物剂量在0.5至15毫克之间变化。七只对照眼仅注射0.9%氯化钠溶液。在注射前和注射后1周进行视网膜电图检查。通过肌肉注射氯胺酮（凯他敏）使兔子麻醉。在第二次视网膜电图检查后立即摘除眼球，并准备进行光学显微镜和电子显微镜检查。光学显微镜仅显示轻微的视网膜毒性作用。电子显微镜显示，药物剂量等于或大于2毫克后，光感受器外段开始出现毒性坏死。在任何一只治疗眼中均未观察到视网膜电图的显著变化。本文讨论了文献中报道的头孢甲肟和其他头孢菌素的毒性以及这些发现的临床意义。
