Fiederling Jonas, Shams Ahmad Zia, Haug Ulrike
Epidemiological Cancer Registry Baden-Wuerttemberg, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany.
Int J Cancer. 2016 Oct 1;139(7):1449-60. doi: 10.1002/ijc.30203. Epub 2016 Jun 23.
Evidence regarding validity of self-reported family history of cancer (FHC) has been reviewed only for breast, colorectal, prostate, ovarian, endometrial and uterine cancer. We aimed to systematically review studies assessing validity of self-reported family history for the remaining cancer sites. We searched the Medline database for relevant studies published by January 2016. We extracted information on the study design and the positive predictive value (PPV) of self-reported FHC, defined as the proportion of reported cancer diagnoses among relatives that was confirmed by a reference standard (as a measure of over-reporting). We also extracted information on sensitivity of self-reported FHC (as a measure of underreporting). Overall, 21 studies were included that provided information on the PPV of self-reported FHC for relevant cancers and four studies also provided information on sensitivity. The PPV was highest (mostly >70%) for pancreatic, lung, thyroid and urinary system cancers and for leukemia and lymphoma, while it was lowest for stomach and liver cancer. Sensitivity was highest (>70%) for pancreatic cancer, lung cancer, brain cancer, melanoma, leukemia and lymphoma. For several cancers, sample sizes were low and the number of studies limited, particularly regarding sensitivity of self-reported FHC. In conclusion, for some cancers (e.g., pancreatic cancer, lung cancer, leukemia, lymphoma) self-reported FHC can be considered sufficiently valid to be useful, for example, in preventive counseling. For several cancers, it is not sufficiently studied or the pattern is inconsistent. This needs to be taken into account when using self-reported information about FHC in clinical practice or epidemiological research.
关于自我报告的癌症家族史（FHC）有效性的证据仅针对乳腺癌、结直肠癌、前列腺癌、卵巢癌、子宫内膜癌和子宫癌进行了综述。我们旨在系统地回顾评估自我报告的其余癌症部位家族史有效性的研究。我们在Medline数据库中检索了截至2016年1月发表的相关研究。我们提取了关于研究设计以及自我报告的FHC的阳性预测值（PPV）的信息，PPV定义为亲属中报告的癌症诊断经参考标准确认的比例（作为过度报告的一种衡量）。我们还提取了自我报告的FHC的敏感性信息（作为漏报的一种衡量）。总体而言，纳入了21项研究，这些研究提供了自我报告的FHC对相关癌症的PPV信息，还有四项研究提供了敏感性信息。胰腺癌、肺癌、甲状腺癌和泌尿系统癌症以及白血病和淋巴瘤的PPV最高（大多>70%），而胃癌和肝癌的PPV最低。胰腺癌、肺癌、脑癌、黑色素瘤、白血病和淋巴瘤的敏感性最高（>70%）。对于几种癌症，样本量较小且研究数量有限，特别是关于自我报告的FHC的敏感性。总之，对于某些癌症（如胰腺癌、肺癌、白血病、淋巴瘤），自我报告的FHC可以被认为具有足够的有效性而有用，例如在预防性咨询中。对于几种癌症，研究不够充分或模式不一致。在临床实践或流行病学研究中使用关于FHC的自我报告信息时需要考虑到这一点。
