Han Beth, Compton Wilson M, Eisenberg Daniel, Milazzo-Sayre Laura, McKeon Richard, Hughes Art
5600 Fishers Lane, 15E85C, Rockville, MD 20857.
Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Rockville, Maryland, USA.
J Clin Psychiatry. 2016 Jun;77(6):815-24. doi: 10.4088/JCP.15m09929.
College students have been the focus of many studies on suicidal ideation with or without suicidal behavior. Little attention has been given to their non-college-attending peers on these issues. We examined the 12-month prevalence and mental health treatment of suicidal ideation with or without suicidal behavior among college students aged 18-25 years and their non-college-attending peers in the United States.
We assessed data from 135,300 persons aged 18-25 years who participated in the 2008-2013 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health. Descriptive analyses and multivariate logistic regression models were applied.
Compared with full-time college students, high school students, those not enrolled in a school or college, and part-time college students were more likely to attempt suicide with a plan (model-adjusted prevalence = 0.67% vs 1.09%, 1.06%, and 1.07%, respectively). The mental health treatment rate among full-time college students with suicidal ideation with or without suicidal behavior was similar to the rates among the other 3 counterparts. The effects of race/ethnicity and serious mental illness on receipt of mental health treatment were significantly larger among those who did not perceive unmet treatment need than among those who perceived unmet treatment need (P = .019 and P = .001, respectively).
Compared to full-time college students, non-college-attending young adults and part-time college students were at higher risk for attempting suicide with a plan. Suicide prevention and intervention strategies should emphasize increasing access to mental health treatment among both college students with suicidal ideation with or without suicidal behavior and their non-college-attending peers (particularly among minorities and those who seem to be at low risk because they are without serious mental illness and report no need for mental health treatment).
大学生一直是许多关于自杀意念（无论有无自杀行为）研究的焦点。在这些问题上，他们未上大学的同龄人很少受到关注。我们调查了美国18 - 25岁大学生及其未上大学的同龄人中，有或无自杀行为的自杀意念在12个月内的患病率及心理健康治疗情况。
我们评估了135300名18 - 25岁参与2008 - 2013年全国药物使用和健康调查者的数据。应用描述性分析和多变量逻辑回归模型。
与全日制大学生相比，高中生、未入学或未上大学者以及非全日制大学生更有可能实施有计划的自杀行为（模型调整患病率分别为0.67%、1.09%、1.06%和1.07%）。有或无自杀行为的自杀意念的全日制大学生的心理健康治疗率与其他三类人群相似。种族/民族和严重精神疾病对接受心理健康治疗的影响在那些未意识到未满足治疗需求的人群中比在那些意识到未满足治疗需求的人群中显著更大（分别为P = 0.019和P = 0.001）。
与全日制大学生相比，未上大学的年轻人和非全日制大学生实施有计划自杀行为的风险更高。自杀预防和干预策略应强调增加有或无自杀行为的自杀意念的大学生及其未上大学的同龄人（特别是少数族裔以及那些因无严重精神疾病且报告无需心理健康治疗而看似低风险的人群）获得心理健康治疗的机会。
