Başar Koray, Öz Gökhan, Karakaya Jale
Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
J Sex Med. 2016 Jul;13(7):1133-41. doi: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2016.04.071. Epub 2016 May 24.
Transgender individuals experience discrimination in all domains of their personal and social life. Discrimination is believed to be associated with worse quality of life (QoL).
To investigate the relation between QoL and perceived levels of discrimination and social support in individuals with gender dysphoria (GD).
Individuals with GD who attended a psychiatry clinic from January 2012 through December 2014 were recruited. Demographic, social, and medical transition features were collected with standardized forms.
Self-report measurements of QoL (Turkish version of the World Health Organization's Quality of Life-BREF) that included physical, psychological, social, and environmental domains, perceived discrimination with personal and group subscales (Perceived Discrimination Scale [PDS]), and social support (Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support) were completed.
Ninety-four participants (76.6% trans men) adequately completed the study measurements. Regression models with each QoL domain score as a dependent variable indicated a significant predictor value of personal PDS in social and environmental QoL. Social support from family was associated with better QoL in psychological QoL, whereas perceived support from friends significantly predicted all other domains of QoL. There was a tendency for group PDS to be rated higher than personal PDS, suggesting personal vs group discrimination discrepancy. However, group PDS was not found to be a predictor of QoL in the multivariate model.
Perceived personal discrimination and social support from different sources predicted domains of QoL with a non-uniform pattern in individuals with GD. Social support and discrimination were found to have opposing contributions to QoL in GD. The present findings emphasize the necessity of addressing discrimination and social support in clinical work with GD. Moreover, strategies to improve and strengthen friend and family support for individuals with GD should be explored by clinicians. Further research with larger and community-based samples is required.
跨性别者在其个人和社会生活的所有领域都遭受歧视。人们认为歧视与较差的生活质量（QoL）相关。
调查性别焦虑症（GD）患者的生活质量与感知到的歧视水平和社会支持之间的关系。
招募了2012年1月至2014年12月期间到精神科诊所就诊的GD患者。通过标准化表格收集人口统计学、社会和医学转变特征。
完成生活质量的自我报告测量（世界卫生组织生活质量简表土耳其语版），包括身体、心理、社会和环境领域，使用个人和群体分量表进行感知歧视测量（感知歧视量表[PDS]），以及社会支持测量（多维感知社会支持量表）。
94名参与者（76.6%为跨性别男性）充分完成了研究测量。以每个生活质量领域得分作为因变量的回归模型表明，个人PDS在社会和环境生活质量方面具有显著的预测价值。来自家庭的社会支持与心理生活质量的改善相关，而来自朋友的感知支持显著预测了生活质量的所有其他领域。群体PDS得分有高于个人PDS的趋势，表明个人与群体歧视存在差异。然而，在多变量模型中，群体PDS未被发现是生活质量的预测因素。
在GD患者中，感知到的个人歧视和来自不同来源的社会支持以非统一模式预测生活质量领域。发现社会支持和歧视对GD患者的生活质量有相反的影响。本研究结果强调了在GD临床工作中解决歧视和社会支持问题的必要性。此外，临床医生应探索改善和加强对GD患者朋友和家庭支持的策略。需要对更大规模的社区样本进行进一步研究。
