Tristezza Mariana, Tufariello Maria, Capozzi Vittorio, Spano Giuseppe, Mita Giovanni, Grieco Francesco
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche-Institute of Sciences of Food Production Lecce, Italy.
Department of the Sciences of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Foggia Foggia, Italy.
Front Microbiol. 2016 May 9;7:670. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00670. eCollection 2016.
In oenology, the utilization of mixed starter cultures composed by Saccharomyces and non-Saccharomyces yeasts is an approach of growing importance for winemakers in order to enhance sensory quality and complexity of the final product without compromising the general quality and safety of the oenological products. In fact, several non-Saccharomyces yeasts are already commercialized as oenological starter cultures to be used in combination with Saccharomyces cerevisiae, while several others are the subject of various studies to evaluate their application. Our aim, in this study was to assess, for the first time, the oenological potential of H. uvarum in mixed cultures (co-inoculation) and sequential inoculation with S. cerevisiae for industrial wine production. Three previously characterized H. uvarum strains were separately used as multi-starter together with an autochthonous S. cerevisiae starter culture in lab-scale micro-vinification trials. On the basis of microbial development, fermentation kinetics and secondary compounds formation, the strain H. uvarum ITEM8795 was further selected and it was co- and sequentially inoculated, jointly with the S. cerevisiae starter, in a pilot scale wine production. The fermentation course and the quality of final product indicated that the co-inoculation was the better performing modality of inoculum. The above results were finally validated by performing an industrial scale vinification The mixed starter was able to successfully dominate the different stages of the fermentation process and the H. uvarum strain ITEM8795 contributed to increasing the wine organoleptic quality and to simultaneously reduce the volatile acidity. At the best of our knowledge, the present report is the first study regarding the utilization of a selected H. uvarum strain in multi-starter inoculation with S. cerevisiae for the industrial production of a wine. In addition, we demonstrated, at an industrial scale, the importance of non-Saccharomyces in the design of tailored starter cultures for typical wines.
在酿酒学中,使用由酿酒酵母和非酿酒酵母组成的混合发酵剂培养物,对于酿酒师来说是一种越来越重要的方法,目的是提高最终产品的感官品质和复杂性,同时不影响酿酒产品的总体质量和安全性。事实上,几种非酿酒酵母已经作为酿酒发酵剂培养物商业化,可与酿酒酵母联合使用,而其他几种则是各种评估其应用的研究对象。本研究的目的是首次评估葡萄有孢汉逊酵母在与酿酒酵母混合培养(共接种)和顺序接种用于工业葡萄酒生产中的酿酒潜力。在实验室规模的微型酿酒试验中,将三个先前鉴定的葡萄有孢汉逊酵母菌株分别与本地酿酒酵母发酵剂培养物一起用作多发酵剂。基于微生物生长、发酵动力学和次生化合物形成,进一步选择了葡萄有孢汉逊酵母菌株ITEM8795,并与酿酒酵母发酵剂一起进行共接种和顺序接种,用于中试规模的葡萄酒生产。发酵过程和最终产品质量表明,共接种是接种效果更好 的方式。通过进行工业规模的酿造,最终验证了上述结果。混合发酵剂能够成功主导发酵过程的不同阶段,葡萄有孢汉逊酵母菌株ITEM8795有助于提高葡萄酒的感官品质,同时降低挥发酸。据我们所知,本报告是关于在工业葡萄酒生产中利用选定的葡萄有孢汉逊酵母菌株与酿酒酵母进行多发酵剂接种的首次研究。此外,我们在工业规模上证明了非酿酒酵母在设计典型葡萄酒定制发酵剂培养物中的重要性。