Salani Deborah A, Zdanowicz Martin, Joseph Laly
J Psychosoc Nurs Ment Health Serv. 2016 Jun 1;54(6):30-7. doi: 10.3928/02793695-20160518-05.
Heroin use has increased significantly in the United States over the past decade. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, heroin use has increased 63% between 2002 and 2013. Heroin-related overdose deaths have increased four-fold over the same time period. The National Center for Health Statistics reported heroin-related deaths were higher for men (N = 6,525) than women (N = 1,732). Traditionally, heroin users are men ages 18 to 25 with low incomes, but the demographics of heroin users have changed to include individuals with higher incomes and private insurance, as well as non-Hispanic White women. Individuals who use heroin also tend to use alcohol and other drugs, such as marijuana, cocaine, and prescription opioid painkillers. [Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 54(6), 30-37.].
在过去十年中，美国海洛因的使用量显著增加。根据疾病控制与预防中心的数据，2002年至2013年间海洛因的使用量增长了63%。同期，与海洛因相关的过量用药死亡人数增加了四倍。国家卫生统计中心报告称，与海洛因相关的死亡男性（N = 6525）多于女性（N = 1732）。传统上，海洛因使用者是年龄在18至25岁、收入较低的男性，但海洛因使用者的人口统计学特征已发生变化，包括收入较高且拥有私人保险的人群，以及非西班牙裔白人女性。使用海洛因的人还往往会使用酒精和其他毒品，如大麻、可卡因和处方类阿片止痛药。[《心理社会护理与心理健康服务杂志》，54(6)，30 - 37。]
