Key Laboratory of Aquatic Eutrophication and Control of Harmful Algal Blooms of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2016 Sep;23(17):17793-800. doi: 10.1007/s11356-016-6755-5. Epub 2016 Jun 1.
The effects of five natural products from Chinese herbs including evodiamine, curcumin, 4-methoxysalicylaldehyde, esculin hydrate, and gramine on the growth of Chattonella marina, one of the most noxious red tide algae, were observed. Among them, gramine exhibited the highest inhibitory rate with LC50, 96h of 0.51 mg/l. After exposure to gramine, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), and content of malondialdehyde (MDA) increased in C. marina, suggesting that gramine could induce microalgae oxidative stress. In addition, chlorophyll a and the maximum quantum yield of photosynthesis (Fv/Fm) decreased following exposure to gramine, indicating the inhibition of photosynthesis activity in the microalgae. Combined with the fast inhibition against the algal cells and environmentally friendly character of gramine, we proposed that gramine might be a potential algaecide against marine harmful algae and that the oxidative damage and photosynthesis inhibition might be responsible for the toxicity of gramine on harmful algae.
观察了包括吴茱萸碱、姜黄素、4-甲氧基水杨醛、秦皮苷和禾本科植物在内的五种中草药天然产物对海洋赤潮藻之一的海洋卡盾藻的生长的影响。其中，禾本科植物的抑制率最高，LC50，96h 为 0.51mg/L。暴露于禾本科植物后，海洋卡盾藻中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）的活性以及丙二醛（MDA）的含量增加，表明禾本科植物可诱导微藻氧化应激。此外，暴露于禾本科植物后叶绿素 a 和光合作用的最大量子产量（Fv/Fm）降低，表明微藻光合作用活性受到抑制。结合禾本科植物对藻类细胞的快速抑制作用和环境友好特性，我们提出禾本科植物可能是一种潜在的海洋有害藻类杀生物剂，氧化损伤和光合作用抑制可能是禾本科植物对有害藻类毒性的原因。
