Lee W J, Woo S H, Seol S H, Kim D H, Wee J H, Choi S P, Jeong W J, Oh S H, Kyong Y Y, Kim S W
Department of Emergency Medicine, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Department of Emergency Medicine, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Niger J Clin Pract. 2016 Jul-Aug;19(4):502-7. doi: 10.4103/1119-3077.183298.
Imaging methods that use ionizing radiation in emergency departments (EDs) have increased with advances in radiological diagnostic methods. Physician and nurse awareness of the radiation dose in the ED and the associated cancer risks to which the patients are exposed were surveyed with a questionnaire.
A total of 191 subjects in six EDs participated in this study. ED physicians and ED nurses were asked about the risks and the radiation doses of imaging methods ordered in the ED. The differences between the two groups were compared using Student's t-test for continuous variables. A Fisher's exact and Chi-squared tests were used for categorical variables.
A total of 82 ED physicians and 109 ED nurses completed the questionnaire; 38 (46.3%) physicians and 8 (7.3%) nurses correctly answered the question about the chest X-ray radiation dose. A question about the number of chest X-rays that is equivalent to the dose of a pelvic X-ray was answered correctly by 5 (6.1%) physicians and 9 (8.3%) nurses (P = 0.571). Questions regarding abdominal computed tomography (CT), chest CT, brain CT, abdominal ultrasonography, and brain magnetic resonance imaging were answered correctly more frequently by the physician group than the nurse group (P < 0.05). The risk of developing cancer over a lifetime due to a brain CT was correctly answered by 21 (25.6%) physicians and 30 (27.5%) nurses (P = 0.170). A similar question regarding abdominal CT was correctly answered by 21 (25.6%) physicians and 42 (38.5%) nurses (P = 0.127).
Knowledge of the radiation exposure of radiology examinations was lower in nurses than physicians, but knowledge was poor in both groups. ED physicians and nurses should be educated about radiation exposure and cancer risks associated with various diagnostic radiological methods.
随着放射诊断方法的进步，急诊科使用电离辐射的成像方法有所增加。通过问卷调查对医生和护士关于急诊科辐射剂量以及患者所面临的相关癌症风险的认识进行了调查。
六个急诊科的191名受试者参与了本研究。向急诊科医生和急诊科护士询问了急诊科所开具的成像检查方法的风险和辐射剂量。对于连续变量，使用学生t检验比较两组之间的差异。对于分类变量，使用Fisher精确检验和卡方检验。
共有82名急诊科医生和109名急诊科护士完成了问卷；38名（46.3%）医生和8名（7.3%）护士正确回答了关于胸部X线辐射剂量的问题。关于相当于骨盆X线剂量的胸部X线检查次数的问题，5名（6.1%）医生和9名（8.3%）护士回答正确（P = 0.571）。关于腹部计算机断层扫描（CT）、胸部CT、脑部CT、腹部超声检查和脑部磁共振成像的问题，医生组回答正确的频率高于护士组（P < 0.05）。21名（25.6%）医生和30名（27.5%）护士正确回答了因脑部CT导致终生患癌风险的问题（P = 0.170）。关于腹部CT的类似问题，21名（25.6%）医生和42名（38.5%）护士回答正确（P = 0.127）。
护士对放射检查辐射暴露的了解低于医生，但两组的知识水平都较差。急诊科医生和护士应接受关于各种诊断放射学方法的辐射暴露和癌症风险的教育。
