家庭规模对儿童心理健康问题的影响：来自挪威母婴队列研究的结果。
Effect of household size on mental problems in children: results from the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort study.
机构信息
Division of Mental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Postbox 4404, Nydalen, 0403, Oslo, Norway.
出版信息
BMC Psychol. 2016 Jun 2;4(1):31. doi: 10.1186/s40359-016-0136-1.
BACKGROUND
Most people in industrialized societies grow up in core (parents only) families with few if any siblings. Based on an evolutionary perspective, it may be argued that this environment reflects a mismatch, in that the tribal setting offered a larger number of close affiliates. The present project examined whether this mismatch may have a negative impact on mental health.
METHODS
We used data from the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa), which includes 114 500 children. The mothers were recruited during pregnancy and followed up with questionnaires as the infants grew older. Correlates between number and type of people living in the household and questions probing mental health were corrected for likely confounders.
RESULTS
The number of household members correlated with scores on good mental health at all ages tested (3, 5 and 8 years). The effects were distinct, highly significant, and present regardless of how mental issues were scored. The outcome could be attributed to having older siblings, rather than adults beyond parents. The more siblings, and the closer in age, the more pronounced was the effect. Living with a single mother did not make any difference compared to two parents. Girls were slightly more responsive to the presence of siblings than boys. Household pets did not have any appreciable impact.
CONCLUSION
A large household is associated with fewer mental problems in children.
背景
大多数在工业化社会中成长的人都来自核心家庭（只有父母），兄弟姐妹很少或没有。基于进化的观点，可以说这种环境反映了一种不匹配，因为部落环境提供了更多的近亲。本项目研究了这种不匹配是否会对心理健康产生负面影响。
方法
我们使用了来自挪威母婴队列研究（MoBa）的数据，该研究包括 114500 名儿童。母亲在怀孕期间被招募，并在婴儿长大后通过问卷调查进行跟踪。家庭中居住人数和类型与心理健康问题之间的相关性，在可能的混杂因素得到纠正后进行了校正。
结果
家庭人数与所有测试年龄（3、5 和 8 岁）的良好心理健康评分相关。这些影响是明显的、高度显著的，并且无论如何评分，都存在影响。这种结果可以归因于有兄弟姐妹，而不是父母以外的成年人。兄弟姐妹越多，年龄越接近，效果越明显。与有两个父母相比，与单亲母亲一起生活没有任何区别。女孩比男孩对兄弟姐妹的存在反应略大。家庭宠物没有任何明显的影响。
结论
大家庭与儿童较少的心理健康问题相关。
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