Zaret Kenneth S, Lerner Jonathan, Iwafuchi-Doi Makiko
Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104-5157, USA.
Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104-5157, USA.
Mol Cell. 2016 Jun 2;62(5):665-7. doi: 10.1016/j.molcel.2016.05.024.
Pioneer factors such as FoxA target nucleosomal DNA and initiate cooperative interactions at silent genes during development, cellular reprogramming, and steroid hormone induction. Biophysical studies previously showed that the nuclear mobility of FoxA1 is slower than for many other transcription factors, whereas a new single molecule study (Swinstead et al., 2016, Cell) shows comparable chromatin residence times for FoxA1 and steroid receptors. Despite that steroid receptors engage nucleosome-remodeling complexes, the vast majority of co-bound sites with FoxA are dependent upon FoxA, not vice versa. Taken together, the distinguishing feature of pioneer factors remains nucleosomal access rather than an exceptional residence time in chromatin.
先锋因子如FoxA靶向核小体DNA,并在发育、细胞重编程和类固醇激素诱导过程中在沉默基因处启动协同相互作用。先前的生物物理研究表明,FoxA1在细胞核中的移动速度比许多其他转录因子慢,而一项新的单分子研究(Swinstead等人,2016年,《细胞》杂志)表明,FoxA1和类固醇受体在染色质上的停留时间相当。尽管类固醇受体与核小体重塑复合物相互作用,但与FoxA共结合的绝大多数位点依赖于FoxA,而非相反。综上所述,先锋因子的显著特征仍然是对核小体的访问能力,而非在染色质中的异常停留时间。