Rowbotham Samantha K, Blau Soren
Department of Forensic Medicine, Monash University, Australia.
Victorian Institute of Forensic Medicine/Department of Forensic Medicine, Monash University, Australia.
Forensic Sci Int. 2016 Sep;266:582.e1-582.e15. doi: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2016.04.037. Epub 2016 May 16.
To investigate what is currently known about skeletal blunt force trauma (BFT) resulting from falls, and how valuable that research is in contributing to forensic anthropology investigations and interpretations of circumstances of death, a comprehensive review of forensic anthropology, forensic pathology and clinical medicine literature was performed. Forensic anthropology literature identified that establishing the type of fall from the analysis of BFT is difficult given the uniqueness of each fall event, the complexities involved with identify BFT and, in particular, the limited available research documenting fracture patterning and morphologies. Comparatively, skeletal BFT resulting from fatal falls is well documented in the forensic pathology and clinical medicine literature. These disciplines cover a wide range of fall types (free falls, falls in juveniles, specific fractures produced from falls, falls down staircases, falls resulting in impalements, and 'other' fall types), provide details on how the nature of the fall influences the skeletal fracturing, and documents the anatomical regions susceptible to fracturing. Whilst these contributions may assist forensic anthropologists, they provide limited details of fracture patterns and morphologies and thus further research investigating the details of skeletal BFT resulting from fatal falls is required.
为了调查目前已知的因跌倒导致的骨骼钝器伤（BFT）情况，以及该研究在法医人类学调查和死亡情况解读中的价值，我们对法医人类学、法医病理学和临床医学文献进行了全面综述。法医人类学文献指出，鉴于每次跌倒事件的独特性、识别BFT所涉及的复杂性，尤其是记录骨折模式和形态的现有研究有限，通过分析BFT来确定跌倒类型很困难。相比之下，法医病理学和临床医学文献对致命跌倒导致的骨骼BFT有充分记录。这些学科涵盖了广泛的跌倒类型（自由落体、青少年跌倒、跌倒导致的特定骨折、楼梯跌倒、跌倒致刺伤以及“其他”跌倒类型），详细说明了跌倒的性质如何影响骨骼骨折，并记录了易发生骨折的解剖区域。虽然这些研究可能有助于法医人类学家，但它们提供的骨折模式和形态细节有限，因此需要进一步研究致命跌倒导致的骨骼BFT的细节。
