Besser G M
Bull Schweiz Akad Med Wiss. 1978 Mar;34(1-3):285-97.
The hypothalamic regulatory hormones used for clinical studies are TRH, Gn-RH and somatostatin. In addition, as dopamine appears to be a physiological PIF, the dopamine agonists such as bromocriptine, could be considered as functional analogues of PIF. Gn-RH can be used to study the hypothalamic-pituitary gonadal relationship and to test the secretory reserve capacity of the gonadotrophs in disease states. Unfortunately Gn-RH testing discrimulates between pituitary and hypothalamic diseases only poorly. However gonadotrophin deficient men or women may be successfully treated with long-term Gn-RH with induction of puberty, potency, spermatogenesis and ovulation. Somatostatin has multiple actions in inhibiting endocrine and exocrine secretion but its actions are still being explored in diabetes. Bromocriptine, a long acting dopamine agonist (a functional analogue of PIF), suppresses prolactin and is highly effective in treating many hypogonadal states since hyperprolactinaemia is common. It also lowers growth hormone in acromegaly. TRH has provided a major, accurate, sensitive and safe test of thyroid function.
用于临床研究的下丘脑调节激素有促甲状腺激素释放激素（TRH）、促性腺激素释放激素（Gn-RH）和生长抑素。此外，由于多巴胺似乎是一种生理性催乳素抑制因子（PIF），溴隐亭等多巴胺激动剂可被视为PIF的功能类似物。Gn-RH可用于研究下丘脑-垂体-性腺关系，并在疾病状态下测试促性腺细胞的分泌储备能力。不幸的是，Gn-RH检测对垂体疾病和下丘脑疾病的鉴别能力较差。然而，性腺功能减退的男性或女性长期使用Gn-RH诱导青春期、性功能、精子发生和排卵，可能会得到成功治疗。生长抑素在抑制内分泌和外分泌方面有多种作用，但其在糖尿病中的作用仍在探索中。溴隐亭是一种长效多巴胺激动剂（PIF的功能类似物），可抑制催乳素，对治疗许多性腺功能减退状态非常有效，因为高催乳素血症很常见。它还能降低肢端肥大症患者的生长激素水平。TRH为甲状腺功能提供了一项主要、准确、灵敏且安全的检测方法。
