Agha Amar, Thompson Christopher J
Academic Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Beaumont Hospital and RCSI Medical School, Dublin, Ireland.
Pituitary. 2005;8(3-4):245-9. doi: 10.1007/s11102-005-3463-4.
Several recent studies have convincingly documented a close association between traumatic brain injury (TBI) and pituitary dysfunction. Post-traumatic hypogonadism is very common in the acute post-TBI phase, though most cases recover within six to twelve months following trauma. The functional significance of early hypogonadism, which may reflect adaptation to acute illness, is not known. Hypogonadism persists, however, in 10-17% of long-term survivors. Sex steroid deficiency has implications beyond psychosexual function and fertility for survivors of TBI. Muscle weakness may impair functional recovery from trauma and osteoporosis may be exacerbated by immobility secondary to trauma. Identification and appropriate and timely management of post-traumatic hypogonadism is important in order to optimise patient recovery from head trauma, improve quality of life and avoid the long-term adverse consequences of untreated sex steroid deficiency.
最近的几项研究令人信服地证明了创伤性脑损伤（TBI）与垂体功能障碍之间存在密切关联。创伤后性腺功能减退在TBI后的急性期非常常见，不过大多数病例在创伤后的六至十二个月内恢复。早期性腺功能减退的功能意义尚不清楚，它可能反映了对急性疾病的适应。然而，10%-17%的长期幸存者中，性腺功能减退会持续存在。对于TBI幸存者来说，性类固醇缺乏的影响不仅限于性心理功能和生育能力。肌肉无力可能会损害创伤后的功能恢复，而创伤继发的活动减少可能会加剧骨质疏松。识别并及时妥善处理创伤后性腺功能减退对于优化患者从头部创伤中恢复、提高生活质量以及避免未经治疗的性类固醇缺乏带来的长期不良后果至关重要。
