急性或慢性接触芥子气后的癌症事件：文献综述
Cancer Events After Acute or Chronic Exposure to Sulfur Mustard: A Review of the Literature.
作者信息
Razavi Seyed Mansour, Abdollahi Mohammad, Salamati Payman
机构信息
Department of Community Medicine, Research Center for Rational Use of Drugs, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
出版信息
Int J Prev Med. 2016 May 19;7:76. doi: 10.4103/2008-7802.182733. eCollection 2016.
BACKGROUND
Sulfur mustard (SM) has been considered as a carcinogen in the laboratory studies. However, its carcinogenic effects on human beings were not well discussed. The main purpose of our study is to assess carcinogenesis of SM following acute and/or chronic exposures in human beings.
METHODS
The valid scientific English and Persian databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, IranMedex, and Irandoc were searched and the collected papers reviewed. The used keywords were in two languages: English and Persian. The inclusion criteria were the published original articles indexed in above-mentioned databases. Eleven full-texts out of 296 articles were found relevant and then assessed.
RESULTS
Studies on the workers of the SM factories during the World Wars showed that the long-term chronic exposure to mustards can cause a variety of cancers in the organs such as oral cavity, larynx, lung, and skin. Respiratory system was the most important affected system. Acute single exposure to SM was assumed as the carcinogenic inducer in the lung and blood and for few cancers including basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma.
CONCLUSIONS
SM is a proven carcinogen in chronic situations although data are not enough to strongly conclude in acute exposure.
背景
在实验室研究中，芥子气（SM）被认为是一种致癌物。然而，其对人类的致癌作用尚未得到充分讨论。我们研究的主要目的是评估人类急性和/或慢性接触SM后的致癌情况。
方法
检索包括PubMed、科学网、Scopus、伊朗医学数据库和伊朗文献数据库在内的有效的英文和波斯文科学数据库，并对收集到的论文进行综述。使用的关键词有英文和波斯文两种语言。纳入标准为上述数据库中索引的已发表原创文章。在296篇文章中发现11篇全文相关，然后进行评估。
结果
对两次世界大战期间芥子气工厂工人的研究表明，长期慢性接触芥子气可导致口腔、喉、肺和皮肤等器官发生多种癌症。呼吸系统是受影响最重要的系统。急性单次接触SM被认为是肺部和血液以及包括基底细胞癌和鳞状细胞癌在内的少数癌症的致癌诱导因素。
结论
尽管数据不足以有力地得出急性接触的结论，但SM在慢性情况下是一种已被证实的致癌物。
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