Anger W K
Division of Biomedical and Behavioral Science, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, Ohio 45226.
Toxicol Ind Health. 1989 Mar;5(2):165-80. doi: 10.1177/074823378900500203.
Standardized tests or test batteries for neurotoxic effects are needed for premarket testing of chemicals (and related regulatory needs) and for the development of a neurotoxicity data base. Three widely known human test batteries based on past research findings and developed to screen for a broad range of neurotoxic effects are currently in use. One was developed by Finland's Institute of Occupational Health, one was recently recommended by the World Health Organization, and one was recently developed as a computer-implemented battery by US researchers. Each of these batteries assesses many frequently occurring neurotoxic effects, but each is limited by the lack of tests for some motor and sensory functions and affective responses that often occur following chemical exposures. Problems with field or worksite assessments using these test batteries involve age, education, socioeconomic, and job differences between exposed and comparison groups, and the lack of normative data on these batteries. To address some of these problems, the human neurobehavioral test batteries are currently undergoing reliability or validity assessments on a national and international scale. This will provide an assessment of their utility and accelerate development of a data base of neurotoxic effects of chemicals.
对于化学品的上市前测试（以及相关监管需求）和神经毒性数据库的建立而言，需要标准化的神经毒性效应测试或测试组合。目前正在使用三种基于过去研究结果开发的、用于筛查广泛神经毒性效应的知名人体测试组合。一种是由芬兰职业健康研究所开发的，一种是世界卫生组织最近推荐的，还有一种是美国研究人员最近开发的计算机化测试组合。这些测试组合中的每一个都评估了许多常见的神经毒性效应，但每一个都因缺乏对某些运动和感觉功能以及化学暴露后经常出现的情感反应的测试而受到限制。使用这些测试组合进行现场或工作场所评估时存在的问题包括暴露组和对照组之间的年龄、教育程度、社会经济状况和工作差异，以及这些测试组合缺乏规范性数据。为了解决其中一些问题，目前正在国家和国际范围内对人体神经行为测试组合进行可靠性或有效性评估。这将对它们的实用性进行评估，并加速化学品神经毒性效应数据库的建立。
