IFSTTAR, LEPSIS, Versailles, France; Department of Physical Therapy, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA.
IFSTTAR, LEPSIS, Versailles, France.
Accid Anal Prev. 2016 Sep;94:119-26. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2016.05.011. Epub 2016 Jun 6.
Most motorcycle crashes involve another vehicle that violated the motorcycle's right-of-way at an intersection. Two kinds of perceptual failures of other road users are often the cause of such accidents: motorcycle-detection failures and motion-perception errors. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of different headlight configurations on motorcycle detectability when the motorcycle is in visual competition with cars. Three innovative headlight configurations were tested: (1) standard yellow (central yellow headlight), (2) vertical white (one white light on the motorcyclist's helmet and two white lights on the fork in addition to the central white headlight), and (3) vertical yellow (same configuration as (2) with yellow lights instead of white). These three headlight configurations were evaluated in comparison to the standard configuration (central white headlight) in three environments containing visual distractors formed by car lights: (1) daytime running lights (DRLs), (2) low beams, or (3) DRLs and low beams. Video clips of computer-generated traffic situations were displayed briefly (250ms) to 57 drivers. The results revealed a beneficial effect of standard yellow configuration and the vertical yellow configuration on motorcycle detectability. However, this effect was modulated by the car-DRL environment. Findings and practical recommendations are discussed with regard to possible applications for motorcycles.
大多数摩托车事故涉及到另一个车辆在交叉路口侵犯了摩托车的优先通行权。其他道路使用者的两种感知失误通常是造成此类事故的原因：摩托车检测失误和运动感知错误。本研究的目的是调查当摩托车与汽车在视觉上竞争时，不同的前照灯配置对摩托车可检测性的影响。测试了三种创新的前照灯配置：（1）标准黄色（中央黄色前照灯），（2）垂直白色（骑手头盔上的一个白色灯和叉子上的两个白色灯，除了中央白色前照灯），以及（3）垂直黄色（与（2）相同的配置，只是黄色灯代替了白色灯）。这三种前照灯配置与标准配置（中央白色前照灯）在包含汽车灯光形成的视觉干扰的三个环境中进行了比较：（1）日间行车灯（DRL），（2）低光束，或（3）DRL 和低光束。计算机生成的交通情况的视频片段被短暂地显示（250ms）给 57 名驾驶员。结果表明，标准黄色配置和垂直黄色配置对摩托车可检测性有有益的影响。然而，这种效果受到汽车 DRL 环境的调节。研究结果和实际建议是针对摩托车的可能应用进行讨论的。
