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缺氧状态下的疲劳与耗竭:脑氧合的作用

Fatigue and Exhaustion in Hypoxia: The Role of Cerebral Oxygenation.

作者信息

Fan Jui-Lin, Kayser Bengt

机构信息

1 Centre for Translational Physiology, University of Otago , Wellington, New Zealand .

2 Department of Surgery & Anaesthesia, University of Otago , Wellington, New Zealand .

出版信息

High Alt Med Biol. 2016 Jun;17(2):72-84. doi: 10.1089/ham.2016.0034.

Abstract

Fan, Jui-Lin, and Bengt Kayser. Fatigue and exhaustion in hypoxia: the role of cerebral oxygenation. High Alt Med Biol. 17:72-84, 2016.-It is well established that ascent to high altitude is detrimental to one's aerobic capacity and exercise performance. However, despite more than a century of research on the effects of hypoxia on exercise performance, the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood. While the cessation of exercise, or the reduction of its intensity, at exhaustion, implies reduced motor recruitment by the central nervous system, the mechanisms leading up to this muscular derecruitment remain elusive. During exercise in normoxia and moderate hypoxia (∼1500-2500 m), peripheral fatigue and activation of muscle afferents probably play a major role in limiting exercise performance. Meanwhile, studies suggested that cerebral tissue deoxygenation may play a pivotal role in impairing aerobic capacity during exercise in more severe hypoxic conditions (∼4500-6000 m). However, recent studies using end-tidal CO2 clamping, to improve cerebral tissue oxygenation during exercise in hypoxia, failed to demonstrate an improvement in exercise performance. In light of these recent findings, which seem to contradict the hypothetical role of cerebral tissue deoxygenation as a performance limiting factor at high altitude, this short review aims to provide a critical reappraisal of the extant literature and ends exploring some potential avenues for further research in this field.

摘要

范瑞麟、本特·凯泽。低氧状态下的疲劳与疲惫:脑氧合的作用。《高海拔医学与生物学》。2016年第17卷,第72 - 84页。——人们早已明确,登高至高原对人的有氧能力和运动表现有害。然而,尽管对低氧对运动表现的影响进行了一个多世纪的研究,其潜在机制仍未完全明了。虽然在疲惫时停止运动或降低运动强度意味着中枢神经系统减少了运动募集,但导致这种肌肉失募集的机制仍然难以捉摸。在常氧和中度低氧(约1500 - 2500米)环境下运动时,外周疲劳和肌肉传入神经的激活可能在限制运动表现方面起主要作用。同时,研究表明,在更严重的低氧条件(约4500 - 6000米)下运动时,脑组织脱氧可能在损害有氧能力方面起关键作用。然而,最近利用呼气末二氧化碳钳夹技术来改善低氧运动期间脑组织氧合的研究,未能证明运动表现有所改善。鉴于这些最新发现似乎与脑组织脱氧作为高原运动表现限制因素的假设作用相矛盾,这篇简短综述旨在对现有文献进行批判性重新评估,并探讨该领域进一步研究的一些潜在途径。

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