Jamshidi Ensiyeh, Moradi Ali, Majdzadeh Reza
a Department of Health Education and Promotion , School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran.
b Community Based Participatory Research Center , Iranian Institute for Reduction of High-Risk Behaviors, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran.
Int J Inj Contr Saf Promot. 2017 Sep;24(3):338-344. doi: 10.1080/17457300.2016.1183031. Epub 2016 Jun 9.
The aim of this study is to identify environmental risk factors related to road accidents in children of Tehran. This case-control study was performed in 2013. The cases were injured pedestrians aged 5-15 who were admitted to major hospitals supervised by Tehran University of Medical Sciences. The sample size for the cases was 273 and for the control group was 546. For the completeness of the clusters, 7 extra persons in case (total = 280) and 14 persons (total = 560) in control group were included. The interference of confounding variables assessed through forward conditional logistic regression. Result shows occurrence of traffic accidents was significantly associate with the width of the alleys or (<5 m: OR = 8.4, 95% CI: 3.3-21.5; 5-8 m: OR = 4.7, 95% CI: 1.8-12.2), distance from home to school((<100 m: OR = 1.7, 95% CI: 1.0-2.8), existence of parking lot (OR = 1.5, 95% CI: 1.0-2.3), traffic congestion (OR = 4.1, 95% CI: 2.6-6.4), traffic speed (OR = 2.1, 95% CI: 1.3-3.2) and existence of pedestrian bridges(OR = 4.2, 95% CI: 2.6-6.8). In the light of the important role of environmental factors in the occurrence of child traffic accidents, alleviating structural risk factors in addition to education and enforcement need more systematic efforts and planning by policymakers and urban planners to attain pedestrian safety goals.
本研究旨在确定与德黑兰儿童道路交通事故相关的环境风险因素。这项病例对照研究于2013年开展。病例为年龄在5至15岁之间受伤的行人，他们被送往由德黑兰医科大学监管的各大医院。病例组的样本量为273，对照组的样本量为546。为使群组完整，病例组额外纳入了7人（总计280人），对照组额外纳入了14人（总计560人）。通过向前条件逻辑回归评估混杂变量的干扰。结果显示，交通事故的发生与小巷宽度（<5米：比值比=8.4，95%置信区间：3.3 - 21.5；5 - 8米：比值比=4.7，95%置信区间：1.8 - 12.2）、家到学校的距离（<100米：比值比=1.7，95%置信区间：1.0 - 2.8）、停车场的存在（比值比=1.5，95%置信区间：1.0 - 2.3）、交通拥堵（比值比=4.1，95%置信区间：2.6 - 6.4）、交通速度（比值比=2.1，95%置信区间：1.3 - 3.2）以及人行天桥的存在（比值比=4.2，95%置信区间：2.6 - 6.8）显著相关。鉴于环境因素在儿童交通事故发生中所起的重要作用，除了教育和执法外，减轻结构性风险因素需要政策制定者和城市规划者做出更系统的努力和规划，以实现行人安全目标。
