Weinberger Andrea H, Kashan Rachel S, Shpigel Danielle M, Esan Hannah, Taha Farah, Lee Christine J, Funk Allison P, Goodwin Renee D
a Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology , Yeshiva University , Bronx , NY , USA.
b Department of Epidemiology & Population Health , Albert Einstein College of Medicine , Bronx , NY , USA.
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse. 2017 Jul;43(4):416-431. doi: 10.3109/00952990.2016.1171327. Epub 2016 Jun 10.
Smoking and depression are both leading causes of disability, mortality and morbidity around the world. Using epidemiologic data to study the association between depression and the severity, course, and persistence of smoking in the general population is important for understanding the scope of the problem of smoking among people with depression.
The current paper aims to critically review existing epidemiologic research on the smoking behaviors of persons with depressive symptoms and disorders and to identify gaps in the literature that warrant further study.
Literature searches of Medline and EMBASE were used to identify articles that analyzed epidemiologic data and examined an aspect of smoking behavior in persons with depressive symptoms or disorders. Six hundred ninety-three abstracts were reviewed and 45 studies met all of the inclusion criteria to be included in the review.
Persons with depression, compared to those without depression, are more likely to smoke, and meet criteria for nicotine dependence, are less likely to quit smoking, and are more likely to relapse. Little is known about the association between depression and smoking behavior by age, socioeconomic status, or race/ethnicity or with regard to the use of tobacco products other than cigarettes.
Persons with depression are more likely to smoke cigarettes and have greater difficulty quitting smoking. Community-based and public health approaches may need to begin considering the links between depression and smoking in order to best target the current smokers in the population and develop more effective tobacco control campaigns.
吸烟和抑郁症都是全球致残、致死及发病的主要原因。利用流行病学数据研究抑郁症与普通人群吸烟严重程度、病程及持续性之间的关联，对于理解抑郁症患者吸烟问题的范围至关重要。
本文旨在严格审查关于抑郁症状和障碍患者吸烟行为的现有流行病学研究，并找出文献中有待进一步研究的空白之处。
通过检索Medline和EMBASE数据库来识别分析流行病学数据并研究抑郁症状或障碍患者吸烟行为某一方面的文章。共审查了693篇摘要，45项研究符合纳入本综述的所有纳入标准。
与无抑郁症者相比，抑郁症患者更有可能吸烟，符合尼古丁依赖标准，戒烟可能性更小，且更易复发。关于抑郁症与吸烟行为在年龄、社会经济地位、种族/民族方面的关联，以及除香烟外其他烟草制品的使用情况，人们了解甚少。
抑郁症患者更有可能吸烟，且戒烟难度更大。基于社区和公共卫生的方法可能需要开始考虑抑郁症与吸烟之间的联系，以便更好地针对人群中的当前吸烟者，并开展更有效的控烟运动。
