Sammartino Gilberto, Prados-Frutos Juan Carlos, Riccitiello Francesco, Felice Pietro, Cerone Vincenzo, Gasparro Roberta, Wang Hom-Lay
Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples, Via Pansini 5, Edificio 14, 80131 Naples, Italy.
Stomatology Department, Rey Juan Carlos University, Madrid, Spain.
Biomed Res Int. 2016;2016:8175284. doi: 10.1155/2016/8175284. Epub 2016 May 12.
The aim of this retrospective radiological study was to evaluate the variability of the mandibular anatomy in the presence and absence of teeth and to consider how it could influence implant planning. 187 mandibular CT DentaScans were selected from our department archive according to the inclusion criteria. The axial height, vertical height, angulation of the bone crest, and the bone available for ideal implant placement were measured. The analysis of the data shows that the mandible contour presents a constant degree of angulation. The variation of angulation in the absence of teeth was statistically significant only in the region between the canine and the first premolar and in that between the second premolar and the first molar. The difference between the crest height and the available distance to place the implant was greater in the region of the second molar while in the other regions the implant planning was made complex by postextraction resorption. Alveolar bone resorption after tooth loss can be considered as a risk factor for lingual cortical perforation during the insertion of an implant. To avoid potential intra/postoperative complications, 3D radiographic examination is recommended in order to study the mandibular anatomy and identify the risk areas.
这项回顾性放射学研究的目的是评估有无牙齿情况下下颌骨解剖结构的变异性，并考虑其如何影响种植体规划。根据纳入标准，从我们科室档案中选取了187例下颌骨CT牙片。测量了轴向高度、垂直高度、牙槽嵴角度以及可用于理想种植体植入的骨量。数据分析表明，下颌骨轮廓呈现出一定程度的角度变化。无牙情况下角度变化仅在尖牙与第一前磨牙之间以及第二前磨牙与第一磨牙之间的区域具有统计学意义。第二磨牙区域牙槽嵴高度与种植体可用植入距离之间的差异更大，而在其他区域，拔牙后吸收使种植体规划变得复杂。牙齿缺失后的牙槽骨吸收可被视为种植体植入过程中舌侧皮质穿孔的一个危险因素。为避免潜在的术中/术后并发症，建议进行三维放射学检查以研究下颌骨解剖结构并识别风险区域。
