Laboratory of Comparative Ethology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Poolesville, Maryland 20837, USA.
Department of Population Health and Reproduction, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA.
Nat Commun. 2016 Jun 14;7:11940. doi: 10.1038/ncomms11940.
In primates, including humans, mothers engage in face-to-face interactions with their infants, with frequencies varying both within and across species. However, the impact of this variation in face-to-face interactions on infant social development is unclear. Here we report that infant monkeys (Macaca mulatta) who engaged in more neonatal face-to-face interactions with mothers have increased social interactions at 2 and 5 months. In a controlled experiment, we show that this effect is not due to physical contact alone: monkeys randomly assigned to receive additional neonatal face-to-face interactions (mutual gaze and intermittent lip-smacking) with human caregivers display increased social interest at 2 months, compared with monkeys who received only additional handling. These studies suggest that face-to-face interactions from birth promote young primate social interest and competency.
在灵长类动物中，包括人类，母亲会与婴儿进行面对面的互动，其频率在不同物种内和物种间都有所不同。然而，这种面对面互动的变化对婴儿社交发展的影响尚不清楚。在这里，我们报告说，与母亲进行更多新生儿面对面互动的猴子（猕猴）在 2 个月和 5 个月时会有更多的社交互动。在一项对照实验中，我们表明，这种影响不是仅仅由于身体接触：随机分配给与人类照顾者进行更多新生儿面对面互动（相互注视和间歇性咂嘴）的猴子在 2 个月时表现出更大的社交兴趣，而只接受额外处理的猴子则没有。这些研究表明，从出生开始的面对面互动可以促进年轻灵长类动物的社交兴趣和能力。
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