在退伍军人事务医疗中心实施老年人评估和护理资源小组护理的经验教训和观察效果。

Implementing Geriatric Resources for Assessment and Care of Elders Team Care in a Veterans Affairs Medical Center: Lessons Learned and Effects Observed.

机构信息

School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana.

Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Department of Veterans Affairs, Indianapolis, Indiana.

出版信息

J Am Geriatr Soc. 2016 Jul;64(7):1503-9. doi: 10.1111/jgs.14179. Epub 2016 Jun 15.

Abstract

In a randomized clinical trial, Geriatric Resources for Assessment and Care of Elders (GRACE), a model of care that works in collaboration with primary care providers (PCPs) and patient-centered medical homes to provide home-based geriatric care management focusing on geriatric syndromes and psychosocial problems commonly found in older adults, improved care quality and reduced acute care use for high-risk, low-income older adults. To assess the effect of GRACE at a Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical Center (VAMC), veterans aged 65 and older from Marion County, Indiana, with PCPs from four of five VAMC clinics who were not on hospice or dialysis were enrolled in GRACE after discharge home from an acute hospitalization. After an initial home-based transition visit to GRACE enrollees, the GRACE team returned to conduct a geriatric assessment. Guided by 12 protocols and input from an interdisciplinary panel and the PCP, the GRACE team developed and implemented a veteran-centric care plan. Hospitalized veterans from the fifth clinic, who otherwise met enrollment criteria, served as a usual-care comparison group. Demographic, comorbidity, and usage data were drawn from VA databases. The GRACE and comparison groups were similar in age, sex, and burden of comorbidity, although predicted risk of 1-year mortality in GRACE veterans was higher. Even so, GRACE enrollment was associated with 7.1% fewer emergency department visits, 14.8% fewer 30-day readmissions, 37.9% fewer hospital admissions, and 28.5% fewer total bed days of care, saving the VAMC an estimated $200,000 per year after program costs during the study for the 179 veterans enrolled in GRACE. Having engaged, enthusiastic VA leadership and GRACE staff; aligning closely with the medical home; and accommodating patient acuity were among the important lessons learned during implementation.

摘要

在一项随机临床试验中,老年资源评估和关爱计划(GRACE)是一种与初级保健提供者(PCP)合作的护理模式,旨在为高风险、低收入的老年人提供家庭老年护理管理,重点关注老年综合征和常见的心理社会问题。这种模式改善了护理质量并减少了急性护理的使用。为了评估 GRACE 在退伍军人事务部医疗中心(VAMC)的效果,印第安纳州马里恩县的年龄在 65 岁及以上、有 PCP 的退伍军人,来自五个 VAMC 诊所中的四个,他们不在临终关怀或透析中,在从急性住院出院后被招募进入 GRACE。在 GRACE 参与者进行了最初的家庭过渡访问后,GRACE 团队返回进行老年评估。GRACE 团队根据 12 项协议以及跨学科小组和 PCP 的意见,制定并实施了以退伍军人为中心的护理计划。来自第五个诊所的住院退伍军人,如果符合其他入选标准,则作为常规护理对照组。人口统计学、合并症和使用数据取自 VA 数据库。GRACE 组和对照组在年龄、性别和合并症负担方面相似,尽管 GRACE 退伍军人的 1 年死亡率预测风险较高。即便如此,GRACE 的参与与急诊就诊次数减少 7.1%、30 天再入院次数减少 14.8%、住院次数减少 37.9%、总住院天数减少 28.5%有关,在研究期间为 179 名参与 GRACE 的退伍军人支付了计划成本后,每年为 VAMC 节省了约 20 万美元。在实施过程中,重要的经验教训包括:有热情的 VA 领导层和 GRACE 工作人员;与家庭医疗紧密结合;以及适应患者的病情严重程度。

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