制定最低体力劳动就业标准的任务分析方法
A Task Analysis Methodology for the Development of Minimum Physical Employment Standards.
作者信息
Stevenson Richard D M, Siddall Andrew G, Turner Philip F J, Bilzon James L J
机构信息
Department for Health, University of Bath, UK (Mr Stevenson, Dr Siddall, Mr Turner, Prof Bilzon); Occupational Health Services, South Wales Fire & Rescue Service, Cardiff, Wales (Mr Stevenson); and Lancashire Fire & Rescue Service, Preston, Lancashire, UK (Mr Turner).
出版信息
J Occup Environ Med. 2016 Aug;58(8):846-51. doi: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000000812.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to develop a systematic task analysis process for determination of minimum acceptable job performance in arduous safety-related occupations.
METHODS
A task analysis using modifications on established methods was completed in UK firefighters. Subject-matter experts (all male) identified critical, physically arduous tasks generic to all UK firefighters and developed individual, role-specific task simulations. Video footage and blinded voting were used to determine minimum acceptable task performance.
RESULTS
Eight tasks were identified in combination with role-specific variations, task simulations suitable for use in a physical demands analysis, and corresponding minimum acceptable performance.
CONCLUSIONS
The bespoke steps highlighted here allow structured identification of task-specific minimum performance standards and simulations from which physical employment standards could be based. However, including a more divergent expert panel with respect to age, sex, and race would strengthen the applicability of this framework in future practice.
目的
本研究旨在开发一种系统的任务分析流程，以确定艰苦的安全相关职业中可接受的最低工作绩效。
方法
对英国消防员采用在既定方法基础上进行修改的任务分析。主题专家（均为男性）确定了所有英国消防员共有的关键、体力要求高的任务，并开发了针对特定角色的个人任务模拟。使用视频片段和无记名投票来确定可接受的最低任务绩效。
结果
结合特定角色的变化确定了八项任务、适用于体力需求分析的任务模拟以及相应的可接受最低绩效。
结论
此处强调的定制步骤允许对特定任务的最低绩效标准进行结构化识别，并进行模拟，从而据此制定体力工作标准。然而，纳入一个在年龄、性别和种族方面更具多样性的专家小组将增强该框架在未来实践中的适用性。
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