自然感染猫免疫缺陷病毒的猫的收缩压、常规肾脏指标及肾脏超声检查结果
Systolic blood pressure, routine kidney variables and renal ultrasonographic findings in cats naturally infected with feline immunodeficiency virus.
作者信息
Taffin Elien Rl, Paepe Dominique, Ghys Liesbeth Fe, De Roover Katrien, Van de Maele Isabel, Saunders Jimmy H, Duchateau Luc, Daminet Sylvie
机构信息
1 Department of Small Animal Medicine and Clinical Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium.
2 Department of Medical Imaging of Domestic Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium.
出版信息
J Feline Med Surg. 2017 Jun;19(6):672-679. doi: 10.1177/1098612X16653165. Epub 2016 Jun 15.
Objectives Hypertension is a common cause of proteinuria in HIV-infected people. In cats, feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) infection appears to be associated with proteinuria. Therefore, the results from systolic blood pressure (SBP) measurements in naturally infected FIV-positive cats were reviewed to assess whether hypertension contributes to the observed proteinuria in these cats. Ultrasonographic findings in FIV-positive cats were reviewed to complete renal assessment and to extend the scant knowledge on renal ultrasonography in cats. Methods Data from client-owned, naturally infected FIV-positive cats were retrospectively reviewed. To obtain a control group, records were reviewed from age-matched, privately owned, FIV-negative cats. Results Data from 91 FIV-infected and 113 control cats were compared. FIV-infected cats showed a significantly lower SBP ( P <0.0001) and significantly fewer FIV-infected cats were hypertensive (⩾160 mmHg) compared with control cats ( P = 0.025). The prevalence of renal azotaemia did not significantly differ between groups, although FIV-infected cats had significantly lower urine specific gravity (USG) ( P = 0.0273) and a higher incidence of USG below 1.035 ( P = 0.043). Urinary protein:creatinine ratio (UPC) was significantly higher in FIV-infected cats ( P = 0.0005) and proteinuria (UPC >0.4) occurred more frequently in FIV-infected cats ( P <0.001). Renal ultrasonography showed abnormalities in 60/91 FIV-infected cats, with hyperechogenic cortices in 39/91 and enlarged kidneys in 31/91. Conclusions and relevance Hypertension can be excluded as a common cause of renal damage leading to proteinuria in FIV-infected cats. Proteinuria and poorly concentrated urine are common in naturally infected FIV-positive cats, in contrast to azotaemia. Clinicians should cautiously interpret ultrasonographic abnormalities as these occur in over half of FIV-infected cats.
目的 高血压是HIV感染者蛋白尿的常见原因。在猫中，猫免疫缺陷病毒（FIV）感染似乎与蛋白尿有关。因此，回顾了自然感染FIV阳性猫的收缩压（SBP）测量结果，以评估高血压是否导致这些猫出现蛋白尿。回顾了FIV阳性猫的超声检查结果，以完成肾脏评估，并扩展对猫肾脏超声检查的有限认识。方法 对客户拥有的自然感染FIV阳性猫的数据进行回顾性分析。为获得对照组，查阅了年龄匹配的私人拥有的FIV阴性猫的记录。结果 比较了91只FIV感染猫和113只对照猫的数据。与对照猫相比，FIV感染猫的SBP显著降低（P<0.0001），高血压（≥160 mmHg）的FIV感染猫显著减少（P=0.025）。两组间肾氮质血症的患病率无显著差异，尽管FIV感染猫的尿比重（USG）显著降低（P=0.0273），USG低于1.035的发生率更高（P=0.043）。FIV感染猫的尿蛋白：肌酐比值（UPC）显著更高（P=0.0005），FIV感染猫中蛋白尿（UPC>0.4）更常见（P<0.001）。肾脏超声检查显示91只FIV感染猫中有60只出现异常，其中39只皮质回声增强，31只肾脏增大。结论及相关性 高血压可排除为FIV感染猫导致蛋白尿的肾脏损伤的常见原因。与氮质血症不同，蛋白尿和尿液浓缩不良在自然感染FIV阳性猫中很常见。临床医生应谨慎解释超声检查异常，因为超过一半的FIV感染猫会出现这种情况。
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