2006 - 2012年抵达美国的难民儿童中乙肝疫苗接种率上升情况
Increasing Hepatitis B Vaccine Prevalence Among Refugee Children Arriving in the United States, 2006-2012.
作者信息
Yun Katherine, Urban Kailey, Mamo Blain, Matheson Jasmine, Payton Colleen, Scott Kevin C, Song Lihai, Stauffer William M, Stone Barbara L, Young Janine, Lin Henry
机构信息
At the time the work was conducted, Katherine Yun was with PolicyLab, Division of General Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, and Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia. Kailey Urban and Blain Mamo were with the Refugee Health Program, Minnesota Department of Health, Saint Paul. Jasmine Matheson was with the Refugee Health Program, Washington State Department of Health, Shoreline. Colleen Payton and Kevin C. Scott were with Family and Community Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA. Lihai Song was with the Healthcare Analytics Unit, Center for Pediatric Clinical Effectiveness, and PolicyLab, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia. William M. Stauffer was with the Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis. Barbara L. Stone was with the Refugee Health Program, Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, Denver. Janine Young was with General Pediatrics, Denver Health and Hospitals, Denver, CO. Henry Lin was with the Division of Gastroenterology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia.
出版信息
Am J Public Health. 2016 Aug;106(8):1460-2. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2016.303203. Epub 2016 Jun 16.
OBJECTIVES
To determine whether the addition of hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccine to national immunization programs improved vaccination rates among refugee children, a marginalized population with limited access to care.
METHODS
The sample included 2291 refugees younger than 19 years who completed HBV screening after arrival in the United States. Children were categorized by having been born before or after the addition of the 3-dose HBV vaccine to their birth country's national immunization program. The outcome was serological evidence of immunization.
RESULTS
The odds of serological evidence of HBV immunization were higher for children born after the addition of HBV vaccine to their birth country's national immunization program (adjusted odds ratio = 2.54; 95% confidence interval = 2.04, 3.15).
CONCLUSIONS
National HBV vaccination programs have contributed to the increase in HBV vaccination coverage observed among US-bound refugee children.
PUBLIC HEALTH IMPLICATIONS
Ongoing public health surveillance is needed to ensure that vaccine rates are sustained among diverse, conflict-affected, displaced populations.
目的
确定在国家免疫规划中添加乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）疫苗是否能提高难民儿童的疫苗接种率，难民儿童是一个获得医疗服务机会有限的边缘化群体。
方法
样本包括2291名19岁以下抵达美国后完成HBV筛查的难民。根据其出生时其出生国国家免疫规划中是否已添加3剂HBV疫苗，将儿童进行分类。结果是免疫的血清学证据。
结果
在其出生国国家免疫规划中添加HBV疫苗后出生的儿童，获得HBV免疫血清学证据的几率更高（调整后的优势比=2.54；95%置信区间=2.04，3.15）。
结论
国家HBV疫苗接种计划促使赴美难民儿童中观察到的HBV疫苗接种覆盖率上升。
对公共卫生的影响
需要持续进行公共卫生监测，以确保在不同的、受冲突影响的流离失所人群中维持疫苗接种率。
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