Zhong Baoliang, Xu Yanmin, Jin Dong, Zou Xiaowei, Liu Tiebang
Affiliated Mental Health Center, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Psychological Healthcare, Shenzhen Institute of Mental Health, Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, Shenzhen Mental Health Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, PR China.
Medicine (Baltimore). 2016 Jun;95(24):e3903. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000003903.
Chinese rural-to-urban migrant workers (MWs) who are employed in service industry are a rapidly growing population in urban China. Like other MWs, service industry MWs (SIMWs) are generally excluded from the mainstream of city societies, but unlike other MWs, they are more marginalized in cities. Social isolation increases the feelings of loneliness; however, there are little empirical data on the epidemiology of loneliness of SIMWs. The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence and associated factors of loneliness among SIMWs in Shenzhen, China. By using respondent-driven sampling, 1979 SIMWs were recruited and administered with standardized questionnaires to collect data on sociodemographics, physical health, and migration-related characteristics. Loneliness and social support were measured with a single-item self-report question "Do you feel lonely often?" and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), respectively. 18.3% of SIMWs reported feeling lonely often. Being aged 60 years or older (odds ratio [OR] = 2.30), marital status of "others" (OR = 2.77), being physically ill in the last 2 weeks (OR = 1.46), migrating alone (OR = 1.97), working >8 hours/day (OR = 1.06), MSPSS inside family subscale score ≤18 (OR = 1.80), and MSPSS outside family subscale score ≤38 (OR = 1.50) were significantly associated with increased risk of loneliness in SIMWs. Loneliness is prevalent in Chinese SIMWs and should be seen as a major public health issue. The high prevalence and many negative health consequences of loneliness highlight the importance of routine screening, evaluation, and treatment of loneliness in this vulnerable population.
在中国城市中，受雇于服务业的中国农村进城务工人员数量正在迅速增长。与其他农民工一样，服务业农民工通常被排除在城市社会主流之外，但与其他农民工不同的是，他们在城市中更加边缘化。社会隔离会增加孤独感；然而，关于服务业农民工孤独感流行病学的实证数据却很少。本研究旨在调查中国深圳服务业农民工孤独感的患病率及相关因素。通过采用应答者驱动抽样方法，招募了1979名服务业农民工，并对他们进行标准化问卷调查，以收集社会人口统计学、身体健康和与迁移相关特征的数据。分别用单项自我报告问题“你经常感到孤独吗？”和领悟社会支持多维量表（MSPSS）来测量孤独感和社会支持。18.3%的服务业农民工报告经常感到孤独。年龄在60岁及以上（优势比[OR]=2.30）、婚姻状况为“其他”（OR=2.77）、在过去两周内身体患病（OR=1.46）、独自迁移（OR=1.97）、每天工作>8小时（OR=1.06）、家庭领悟社会支持量表得分≤18（OR=1.80）以及家庭外领悟社会支持量表得分≤38（OR=1.50）与服务业农民工孤独感风险增加显著相关。孤独感在中国服务业农民工中普遍存在，应被视为一个主要的公共卫生问题。孤独感的高患病率和许多负面健康后果凸显了对这一弱势群体进行孤独感常规筛查、评估和治疗的重要性。
