English Megan, St Pierre Maria E, Delahay Anita, Parente Rick
NeuroRehabilitation. 2016 Jun 13;39(1):45-52. doi: 10.3233/NRE-161337.
Anosognosia is a lack of awareness of personal deficits that is commonly observed in people with a traumatic brain injury (TBI).
The purpose of this paper is to examine whether self-appraisal of executive functioning differs for students with and without TBI.
Students who had survived a TBI and those who had never had a TBI filled out the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Functioning from three different perspectives. Each participant was paired with an observer who was familiar with the person's behavior. Self-appraisal ratings, observer ratings of the participant, and reflective appraisal of how the participant thought the observer would rate them were compared.
For the students without TBI, reflective appraisal was significantly correlated with self-appraisal but observer appraisal was not. For students with TBI, neither reflected appraisal nor observer appraisal correlated with self-appraisal. Both TBI and non-TBI participants overestimated their problems on measures of Inhibition, Shifting, Emotional Control, Initiation, and Planning/Organizing. TBI participants underestimated their problems on measures of Working Memory, Organization, and Task Monitoring relative to the non-TBI group.
Students with TBI do not accurately perceive how others perceive their behavior.
疾病感缺失是指对个人缺陷缺乏认知，这在创伤性脑损伤（TBI）患者中很常见。
本文旨在研究有和没有创伤性脑损伤的学生对执行功能的自我评估是否存在差异。
曾患创伤性脑损伤的学生和从未患过创伤性脑损伤的学生从三个不同角度填写执行功能行为评定量表。每位参与者与一位熟悉其行为的观察者配对。比较自我评估评分、观察者对参与者的评分以及参与者对观察者如何对他们进行评分的反思性评估。
对于没有创伤性脑损伤的学生，反思性评估与自我评估显著相关，但观察者评估与自我评估不相关。对于患有创伤性脑损伤的学生，反思性评估和观察者评估均与自我评估不相关。创伤性脑损伤组和非创伤性脑损伤组参与者在抑制、转换、情绪控制、启动和计划/组织等方面均高估了自己的问题。与非创伤性脑损伤组相比，创伤性脑损伤组参与者在工作记忆、组织和任务监控方面低估了自己的问题。
患有创伤性脑损伤的学生不能准确地感知他人对其行为的看法。
