Dash Shreemanta Kumar, Patel Shailendra, Chavali Krishnadutt
Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, 492099, India.
J Forensic Leg Med. 2016 Aug;42:88-91. doi: 10.1016/j.jflm.2016.05.020. Epub 2016 May 30.
Sexual violence is a significant cause of physical and psychological harm and suffering for women and children. Although sexual violence mostly affects women and girls, boys are also subject to child sexual abuse. Nurse is the person who attends the victim first. In order to meet the rigid and ever-changing demands of providing care to the victim and complying with our confusing system of laws, the nursing should has been forced to expand into a Forensic nursing, specialty of its own. Nursing roles in the criminal justice service known by many names worldwide-Custody nursing, Prison/Correctional nursing, Immigration centre nursing, Sexual Assault Nurse Examiner (SANE) or Sexual Assault Forensic Examiner (SAFE), SARTs (Sexual assault response team), SARCs (Sexual assault referral centre) and FNDIs (Forensic nurse death investigator). In India the premier institutes like AIIMS New Delhi and The PGI Chandigarh, do not have forensic content in their nursing curriculum manuals. The WHO and IAFN have urged inclusion of forensic content in both undergraduate and postgraduate nursing programs. Forensic Nurse Specialist can provide direct services to individual clients, consultation services to nursing, medical and law-related agencies, as well as providing expert court testimony in areas dealing with trauma and/or questioned death investigative processes, adequacy of services delivered, and specialized diagnoses of specific medical conditions. Research Findings on the Effectiveness of Sexual Assault Nurse Examiner (SANE) Programs suggests various improvements in each and every step in care of victim of sexual assault.
性暴力是妇女和儿童身心伤害与痛苦的一个重要原因。虽然性暴力主要影响妇女和女童，但男孩也会遭受儿童性虐待。护士是最先照料受害者的人。为了满足为受害者提供护理以及遵守我们复杂多变的法律体系的严格且不断变化的要求，护理工作被迫扩展成为一门独立的法医护理学专业。在全球范围内，刑事司法服务中的护理角色有许多不同的名称——羁押护理、监狱/惩教护理、移民中心护理、性侵犯护士 examiner（SANE）或性侵犯法医 examiner（SAFE）、SARTs（性侵犯应对小组）、SARCs（性侵犯转介中心）以及法医护士死亡调查员（FNDIs）。在印度，像新德里全印医学科学研究所和昌迪加尔医学教育与研究学院这样的一流机构，在其护理课程手册中并没有法医相关内容。世界卫生组织和国际法医护理协会敦促在本科和研究生护理项目中纳入法医相关内容。法医护理专家可以为个体客户提供直接服务，为护理、医疗和法律相关机构提供咨询服务，以及在涉及创伤和/或死因存疑调查程序、所提供服务的充分性以及特定医疗状况的专业诊断等领域提供专家法庭证词。关于性侵犯护士 examiner（SANE）项目有效性的研究结果表明，在性侵犯受害者护理的每一个环节都有各种改进。
