Chaves Lopez Clemencia, Serio Annalisa, Rossi Chiara, Mazzarrino Giovanni, Marchetti Sonia, Castellani Federica, Grotta Lisa, Fiorentino Francesco Paolo, Paparella Antonello, Martino Giuseppe
Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Mosciano S. Angelo (TE), Italy 64023.
Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Mosciano S. Angelo (TE), Italy 64023.
J Dairy Sci. 2016 Aug;99(8):6285-6297. doi: 10.3168/jds.2015-10837. Epub 2016 Jun 16.
Iodine deficiency remains a major public health concern in many countries, including some European regions. This study aimed at understanding the effect of a supplement of marine alga Ascophyllum nodosum as a iodine fortifier in the cow diet, on the compositional and microbiological quality of milk. The results obtained in this work indicated that the dietary inclusion of A. nodosum exerted significant effects on cow milk composition. In particular, it increased iodine content and reduced the quantity of free amino acids without modifying the free fatty acid content. From a microbiological point of view, statistically significant differences were found in presumptive mesophilic lactobacilli, mesophilic lactococci, and Pseudomonas spp. counts. Based on a culture-independent method, milk obtained after dietary inclusion of A. nodosum harbored the highest number of Firmicutes (e.g., Lactococcus lactis) and the lowest number of Proteobacteria (e.g., Pseudomonas). In addition to changes in bacterial population, diet supplementation with A. nodosum changed the catabolic profiles of the milk community, according to Biolog Ecoplate (Biolog Inc., Hayward, CA) results. The results of this study suggest that the dietary inclusion of the marine alga A. nodosum led to an improvement of the iodine content in milk, and to a modification of its microbiota with a positive effect on milk hygiene and transformation.
碘缺乏在包括一些欧洲地区在内的许多国家仍然是一个主要的公共卫生问题。本研究旨在了解在奶牛日粮中添加海洋藻类泡叶藻作为碘强化剂对牛奶成分和微生物质量的影响。这项工作获得的结果表明，日粮中添加泡叶藻对牛奶成分有显著影响。特别是，它增加了碘含量，减少了游离氨基酸的数量，而不改变游离脂肪酸含量。从微生物学角度来看，在嗜温性乳酸菌、嗜温性乳球菌和假单胞菌属的计数上发现了统计学上的显著差异。基于一种非培养方法，日粮中添加泡叶藻后获得的牛奶中厚壁菌门（如乳酸乳球菌）数量最多，变形菌门（如假单胞菌）数量最少。根据Biolog生态板（Biolog公司，加利福尼亚州海沃德）的结果，除了细菌种群的变化外，日粮中添加泡叶藻还改变了牛奶群落的分解代谢谱。本研究结果表明，日粮中添加海洋藻类泡叶藻可提高牛奶中的碘含量，并改变其微生物群，对牛奶卫生和加工产生积极影响。
