Bailoni Lucia, Bacchin Elisabetta, Trocino Angela, Arango Sheyla
Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science (BCA), University of Padova, Viale dell'Universitá 16, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy.
Animals (Basel). 2021 Mar 17;11(3):856. doi: 10.3390/ani11030856.
Recently, hemp ( L.) was rediscovery as a plant that offers a wide variety of applications (textile, pharmaceuticals, construction, etc.), including also the use in animal and human nutrition. The inclusion of whole seeds and co-products obtained by processing of seeds (cake, meal, and oil) in the diets of farm animals can allow the transfer of bioactive substances to human food. Few publications are available on the use of hemp in dairy ruminants but some authors reported a positive effect on the fatty acids profile of milk and cheese with an increase of n-3 fatty acids and c9,t11 conjugated linoleic acid. The protein content, amino acids profile, and rumen undegradable protein (RUP) of hempseed and co-products of hemp appear interesting and suitable for ruminant nutrition. Negative effects of anti-nutritional factors (i.e., phytate) are not observed. However, the researches on the effects of the use of hempseed and co-products in diets for dairy ruminants do not allow to suggest optimal levels of inclusion. In addition, no data are published on the use of whole or part of the hemp plant as forage, as another possibility to use the hemp in the perspective of the circular economy.
最近，大麻（Cannabis sativa L.）被重新发现是一种具有广泛应用（纺织、制药、建筑等）的植物，其应用还包括用于动物和人类营养。在农场动物的日粮中添加全籽以及种子加工获得的副产品（饼粕、粕粉和油），可以使生物活性物质转移到人类食物中。关于大麻在反刍动物日粮中的应用，相关出版物较少，但一些作者报告称，大麻对牛奶和奶酪的脂肪酸谱有积极影响，其中n-3脂肪酸和c9,t11共轭亚油酸含量增加。大麻籽及其副产品的蛋白质含量、氨基酸谱和瘤胃不可降解蛋白（RUP）似乎很有吸引力，适合反刍动物营养。未观察到抗营养因子（即植酸盐）的负面影响。然而，关于在反刍动物日粮中使用大麻籽及其副产品的影响的研究，还无法给出最佳添加水平的建议。此外，没有关于将整个或部分大麻植株用作饲料的数据发表，而这是从循环经济角度利用大麻的另一种可能性。
