New Zealand's National School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.
Int J Pharm. 2016 Dec 5;514(2):465-474. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.06.029. Epub 2016 Jun 16.
The respiratory route increasingly has been used for both local and systemic drug delivery. Although drug is absorbed rapidly after respiratory delivery, the role of lung surfactant in drug delivery is not well understood. The human lung contains only around 15mL of surface lining fluid spread over ∼100m surface. The fluid contains lung surfactant at a concentration of 8-24mg/kg/body weight; the lung surfactant which is lipo-protein in nature can form different liquid crystalline nanostructures. After a brief overview of the anatomy of respiratory system, the review has focused on the current understanding of lung surface lining fluid, lung surfactants and their composition and possible self-assembled nanostructures. The role of lung surfactant in drug delivery and drug dissolution has been briefly considered. Lung surfactant may form different liquid crystalline phases which can have an active role in drug delivery. The hypotheses developed in this review focuses on the potential roles of surface epithelial fluid containing liquid crystalline nanostructures in defining the dissolution mechanism and rate. The hypotheses also focus an understanding how liquid crystalline nanostructures can be used to control dissolution rate and how the nanostructures might be changed to influence delivery and induce toxicity.
呼吸道越来越多地被用于局部和全身药物输送。虽然药物在呼吸道给药后会迅速被吸收，但肺表面活性剂在药物输送中的作用尚不清楚。人体肺部仅含有约 15 毫升分布在约 100 平方米表面的表面衬里液。该液体内含有浓度为 8-24mg/kg/体重的肺表面活性剂；肺表面活性剂本质上是脂蛋白，可以形成不同的液晶纳米结构。在简要概述呼吸系统解剖结构后，本综述重点介绍了对肺表面衬里液、肺表面活性剂及其组成和可能的自组装纳米结构的现有认识。简要考虑了肺表面活性剂在药物输送和药物溶解中的作用。肺表面活性剂可能形成不同的液晶相，在药物输送中可能具有积极作用。本综述中提出的假设集中于含有液晶纳米结构的表面上皮液在定义溶解机制和速率方面的潜在作用。这些假设还集中于了解液晶纳米结构如何用于控制溶解速率，以及如何改变纳米结构以影响输送并诱导毒性。
