Jin Xue, Song Ling, Ma Chao-Chao, Zhang Yan-Chun, Yu Shui
Department of Cardiology, First Hospital of Jilin University, PR China.
Saudi Pharm J. 2020 Dec;28(12):1655-1665. doi: 10.1016/j.jsps.2020.10.012. Epub 2020 Nov 4.
Pulmonary route of drug delivery has drawn significant attention due to the limitations associated with conventional routes and available treatment options. Drugs administered through pulmonary route has been an important research area that focuses on to developing effective therapeutic interventions for asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, tuberculosis, lung cancer etc. The intravenous route has been a natural route of delivery of proteins and peptides but associated with several issues including high cost, needle-phobia, pain, sterility issues etc. These issues might be addressed by the pulmonary administration of macromolecules to achieving an effective delivery and efficacious therapeutic impact. Efforts have been made to develop novel drug delivery systems (NDDS) such as nanoparticles, microparticles, liposomes and their engineered versions, polymerosomes, micelles etc to achieving targeted and sustained delivery of drug(s) through pulmonary route. Further, novel approaches such as polymer-drug conjugates, mucoadhesive particles and mucus penetrating particles have attracted significant attention due to their unique features for an effective delivery of drugs. Also, use of semi flourinated alkanes is in use for improvising the pulmonary delivery of lipophilic drugs. Present review focuses on to unravel the mechanism of pulmonary absorption of drugs for major pulmonary diseases. It summarizes the development of interventional approaches using various particulate and vesicular drug delivery systems. In essence, the orchestrated attempt presents an inflammatory narrative on the advancements in the field of pulmonary drug delivery.
由于传统给药途径和现有治疗选择存在局限性，肺部给药途径已引起了广泛关注。通过肺部给药途径给药的药物一直是一个重要的研究领域，主要致力于开发针对哮喘、慢性阻塞性肺疾病、结核病、肺癌等疾病的有效治疗干预措施。静脉内给药途径一直是蛋白质和肽类药物的自然给药途径，但存在包括成本高、恐针、疼痛、无菌问题等在内的若干问题。通过肺部给药大分子药物可能解决这些问题，以实现有效的药物递送和有效的治疗效果。人们已努力开发新型药物递送系统（NDDS），如纳米颗粒、微粒、脂质体及其工程化版本、聚合物囊泡、胶束等，以通过肺部途径实现药物的靶向和持续递送。此外，聚合物-药物缀合物、粘膜粘附颗粒和粘液穿透颗粒等新型方法因其有效递送药物的独特特性而备受关注。此外，使用半氟化烷烃可改善亲脂性药物的肺部递送。本综述着重于揭示主要肺部疾病药物的肺部吸收机制。它总结了使用各种颗粒和囊泡药物递送系统的干预方法的发展。实质上，这一精心安排的尝试呈现了肺部药物递送领域进展的一个全面描述。
