Hardivillé Stéphan, Hart Gerald W
Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, 725 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD 21205-2185, USA.
Curr Opin Chem Biol. 2016 Aug;33:88-94. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2016.06.005. Epub 2016 Jun 17.
O-GlcNAcylation is a dynamic post-translational modification that is responsive to nutrient availably via the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway and its endproduct UDP-GlcNAc. O-GlcNAcylation serves as a nutrient sensor to regulate the activities of many proteins involved in nearly all biological processes. Within the last decade, OGT, OGA and O-GlcNAcylation have been shown to be at the nexus of epigenetic marks controlling gene expression during embryonic development, cell differentiation, in the maintenance of epigenetic states and in the etiology of epigenetic related diseases. OGT O-GlcNAcylates histones and epigenetic writers/erasers, and regulates gene activation, as well as gene repression. Here, we highlight recent work documenting the important roles O-GlcNAcylation and its cycling enzymes play in the nutrient regulation of epigenetic partners controlling gene expression.
O-连接的N-乙酰葡糖胺化（O-GlcNAcylation）是一种动态的翻译后修饰，它通过己糖胺生物合成途径及其终产物尿苷二磷酸-N-乙酰葡糖胺（UDP-GlcNAc）对营养物质的可用性做出响应。O-GlcNAcylation作为一种营养传感器，可调节几乎所有生物过程中许多蛋白质的活性。在过去十年中，已证明O-连接的N-乙酰葡糖胺转移酶（OGT）、O-连接的N-乙酰葡糖胺酶（OGA）和O-GlcNAcylation处于表观遗传标记的核心位置，这些标记在胚胎发育、细胞分化、表观遗传状态的维持以及表观遗传相关疾病的病因学中控制基因表达。OGT对组蛋白和表观遗传书写/擦除蛋白进行O-GlcNAcylation修饰，并调节基因激活以及基因抑制。在这里，我们重点介绍了最近的研究工作，这些工作记录了O-GlcNAcylation及其循环酶在控制基因表达的表观遗传伙伴的营养调节中所起的重要作用。
